Subject Index to the Glorious Qur'ān
Special Characters
‘Ād
‘Azīmah: see the footnote to
Ādam’s creation
Ḍarī‘: dried part of a thorny tree given to dwellers of Hell as food
Ḥalāl and Ḥarām: People are not allowed to declare things as ḥalāl and ḥarām on their own
Ḥannah (mother of Mariyam): see the footnote to
Ḥarām and Ḥalāl: see Ḥalāl and Ḥarām.
Ḥarām foods – see: Foods, Unlawful
Ḥaram: no one including the Prophet is permitted to declare as forbidden (ḥarām) that which Allāh has made lawful (ḥalāl)
Ḥāṭib ibn Abī Balta‘ah (Companion of the Prophet): see the footnote to
Ḥawwā’ (Eve, Prophet Ādam’s wife): see the footnote to
Ḥijāb: Believing women should draw their scarves over their neck-openings and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers or their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women or male attendants deficient in intelligence, and young children who have no carnal knowledge of women
Ḥikmah (Wisdom)
Ḥudaybīyah, Treaty of (Dhū al-Qa‘dah, 6 AH/March 628 CE, between the Prophet and the people of Makkah): Allāh promised Muslims many gains and the Truce of Ḥudaybīyah (see the footnote to
Ḥunayn, Battle of
Ḥurūf Muqaṭṭa‘āt=Abbreviated Letters: see the footnote to
‘Ibādah: Believers must worship Allāh until death
‘Illīyūn: a place where the records of the Righteous are kept
Īmān and good deeds go hand in hand
Īmān, Pledge of women: Prophet Muḥammad, commanded by Allāh, received the pledge of loyalty (Islām) of women as follows: pledge not to commit shirk, not to steal, not to commit adultery, not to kill their children, not to forge falsehood of attributing someone else’s child to their husbands, and that they will not disobey the Prophet in any just manner
Īmān: “Sufficient is Allāh for me! In Him trust those who put their trust”
Īmān: see Belief; “Good deeds”.
‘Imrān, Family of
‘Imrān, Wife of (mother of Mariyam)
‘Īsā (Jesus): His miraculous birth, speech while in cradle
‘Īsa, Prophet’s, prophecy that Aḥmad [another name of Prophet Muḥammad] will come after him [Prophet ‘Īsa]
Ṣabr=Endurance, Patience
Ṣalāt, Qaṣr (shortened prayer)
Ṣalāt: Believers, when the call of the Friday prayer is proclaimed, hasten earnestly to remember Allāh, and leave off business – that’s best for you. And when the prayer is finished, disperse through the land and seek the Bounty of Allāh
Ṭalāq (Ẓihār): Allāh heard the statement of a woman disputing with the Prophet concerning her husband (who had pronounced Ẓihār to his wife – see the footnote to
Ṭalūt: 247–50
‘Urwah al-Wathqa, al- =Firmest Hand-hold
Ẓihār: practicing divorce by way of Ẓihār is not allowed
A
A‘rāf, al- : Heights – a station between Paradise and Hell
Aaron=Hārūn, Prophet.
Abbreviated Letters (Ḥurūf Muqaṭṭa‘āt): see the footnote to
Ablution=Wuḍū’
Abode of Islām=Dār al-Islām
Abode of War=Dār al-Ḥarb
Abraha who led the army of elephants to destroy Makkah; see Elephant, People of
Abraham=Ibrāhīm, Prophet
Abrār=Righteous, Believers
Abū Bakr (“Second of the Two”; first Caliph)
Abū Lahab (Prophet Muḥammad’s uncle and his archenemy – see the footnote to
Admonition: Allāh invites people to travel in the land to see the fate of the Rejecters from earlier times
Adultery (Zinā): Believers do not commit it
Afflictions: Man is responsible for whatever misfortune afflicts him because of his own actions although Allāh grants forgiveness for many a sin
Aḥbār (doctors of Jewish law)
Aḥmad: Prophecy of Prophet ‘Īsa that “Aḥmad” [another name of Prophet Muḥammad] will come after him
Aḥqāf, Al-=Winding Sand Tracts
Aḥzāb, Ghazwah al-=Khandaq
Aḥzab=Sects
Akhlāq=Morals
Alcohol=Drinking liquor/Khamr
Alexander=Iskandar
Allāh is One
Allāh is sufficient for the Believers: “Sufficient is Allāh for me! In Him trust those who put their trust”
Allāh, Laws of=Laws of Allāh
Allāh: See also Tawḥīd, Shirk, Kufr, Kuffār, Mushrikūn
Allāh’s attributes: He does not commit injustice in the least
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Allāh’s Commands to Man: follow justice and charity, shun lewd deeds, don’t violate others’ rights
Allāh’s Creation: Do they not observe the birds above them, spreading their wings and folding them in? None can uphold them except the Most-Gracious
Allāh’s Days=Days of Allāh.
Allāh’s favours
Allāh’s Fear: One who fears Allāh, will remember His Message
Allāh’s Friends: people of taqwā
Allāh’s Justice: Allāh does not treat the righteous and the mischief-makers equally; He does not treat those who fear Allāh as He treats those who are wicked
Allāh’s Knowledge: He knew Man while he was still a foetus in his mother’s womb
Allāh’s Mercy: Nothing will be left on the face of the earth if Allāh were to punish for all sins; instead Allāh gives people respite for an appointed term
Allāh’s Message: Allāh will complete His Light even though the Rejecters of Truth may detest it
Allāh’s Might: Allāh is able to re-create Man and to (again) put together the very tips of his finger
Allāh’s Noble Throne=Throne Supreme
Allāh’s Plans: Allāh will turn His attention to the humans and the Jinns
Allāh’s Power: “Do you feel secure that He who is in Heaven will not cause you to be swallowed up by the earth when it shakes [and moves as in an earthquake]? Or do you feel secure that He who is in Heaven will not send against you a [violent] wind bearing pebbles, so that you shall know how [terrible] was My warning?”
Allāh’s Practice never changes
Allāh’s Praises are proclaimed by all in the Universe
Allāh’s Remembrance is the greatest virtue in life
Allāh’s Servants are helped and will surely triumph
Allāh’s Signs in the Universe
Allāh’s Treasures never end
Allāh’s Words: If all seas twice over were ink, they will not suffice to record Allāh’s words
Allāh’s Wrath: Lost is one who attracts Allāh’s wrath
Ancient House=Sacred Mosque of Makkah, The
Angel of Death
Angels
Animals, riding (ḍāmir)
Animals, Wild
Anṭākiya: see the footnote to
Antioch=Anṭākiya.
Ants
Apostasy: one who is forced to say words of disbelief will not be punished
Apostates: Those who turn their backs, after guidance has become clear to them, are instigated and guided by the Shayṭān
Aqṣā Mosque: nightly journey of the Prophet to
Arabia and Palestine: there were continuous habitations between these two lands but people wronged themselves by asking Allāh to place larger distances between their journey stages. Such people were dispersed
Arbāb: patrons — see the footnotes to
Arrogant disbelievers will not enter Paradise until camel passes through the eye of a needle
Aṣḥāb al-Kahf (People of the Cave)
Aṣḥāb al-Raqīm
Asses
Atheism: Man rejects Allāh and the Day of Resurrection so that he may be free to commit sins
Attributes of Allāh=Allāh’s attributes.
Avarice: Those who are saved from the covetousness of their souls are the ones that achieve success
Aykah, Al-=Wood, The
Aykah, Aṣḥāb al- =Wood, People of the
B
Ba‘l (Baal), idol
Backbiting is prohibited – it is like eating the flesh of your dead brother
Bakkah (Makkah)
Balad, Al- (Makkah)
Balance (Mīzān)
Banū Isrā’īl=Isrā’īl, Children of
Banū Qurayẓah (a Jewish tribe in Arabia): see the footnote to
Bargain: belief in Allāh and His Messenger is a bargain for which one will be rewarded with forgiveness of sins and a place in the Gardens of Eternity
Barzakh (the intervening time between death and the Day of Resurrection)
Basins
Beakers
Beast to be brought by Allāh out of the earth (before the end of Time)
Beasts
Beautiful Loan: Who is the one who will give to Allāh a beautiful loan? For [Allāh] will increase it manifold to his credit, and [besides] he will have a generous reward
Beautiful Names of Allāh=Allāh; see Appendix B.
Bees
Beggars: don’t chide one who asks (begs)
Behaviour required of a believer: Evil must be repelled by what is better and the result will be that an “enemy” will become an intimate friend
Belief and good deeds: see under: Īmān and good deeds.
Belief in Allāh and His Messenger is a bargain that will save you from a painful Punishment
Belief, blind: Believers do not have blind faith
Believers and doers of good deeds are not equal to sinners
Believers and Messengers of Allāh: Allāh has taken upon Himself to help His Messengers and the Believers in this world and the Hereafter
Believers are asked to be supporters of Allāh like the Disciples of Prophet ‘Īsa were supporters of Allāh
Believers are required to pray, read the Qur’ān, pay Zakāt and extend a good loan to Allāh (see the footnote to this āyah)
Believers on the Day of Resurrection: “Some faces that Day will be shining [with delight], laughing, rejoicing”
Believers will be rewarded with Paradise because they did good deeds: They were in the habit of sleeping but a little at night; in early dawn they prayed for Allāh’s forgiveness, in their wealth was a due share for the beggars and the deprived
Believers will not be left without trial so that Allāh knows who are true and who are liars
Believers, Attributes of Successful: They are humble in their prayers, avoid vain talk, pay Zakāt, guard their private part
Believers, empowered: When they are empowered, they establish regular prayer, give Zakāt and enjoin right and forbid wrong
Believers, Non- : must not be preferred over the believers
Believers, Signs of
Believers: “Hasten [to seek] forgiveness from your Lord, and Paradise, the width whereof is as the width of the heaven and the earth, prepared for those who believe in Allāh and His Messengers: That is the Grace of Allāh, which He bestows on whom He pleases: and Allāh is the Lord-of-Grace-Abounding”
Believers’ attributes entitling them to enter Paradise: They fulfil their wows and fear the Day of Resurrection whose evil will fly far and wide. Despite their own utter need for food, they feed the indigent, the orphan and the captive saying, “We feed you for the sake of Allāh, no reward do we desire from you, no thanks. We fear a day of frowning and distress from the side of our Lord”
Believers’ attributes: Say not what you do not do
Believers’ highest rank: In the sight of Allāh, the highest in rank are the Truthful and the Martyrs: their reward and their Light (on the Day of Judgement) is with Allāh
Believers’ later generations do not have rancour in their hearts for the earlier generations of believers
Believers’ obligations: Allāh knows that some among you will be in ill-health, others will be travelling and yet others will be fighting in Allāh’s cause, so read as much Qur’ān as may be easy for you, establish regular prayer, give Zakāt, extend to Allāh a beautiful loan (see the footnote to this āyah)
Believers’ routine: when you are free from obligatory prayers, still labour hard and to your Lord turn all your attention
Believers’ salutation on the Day of Judgement when they meet Allāh will be “Peace!”
Believers’ traits: they must not treat an orphan with harshness or chide one who asks (begs)
Believers’ wives and children may be their enemies (if they do not follow Allāh’s Commands); with such family members one must be kind and overlook their faults
Believing women: Prophet Muḥammad, commanded by Allāh, received the pledge of loyalty (acceptance of Islām) of women as follows: pledge not to commit shirk, not to steal, not commit adultery, not kill your children, not forge falsehood of attributing someone else’s child to your husbands, and that you will not disobey the Prophet in any just manner
Benjamin=Bin-Yāmīn
Bequest=Wills
Best of Creatures: Believers who do good deeds
Best of humanity: None is better than one who invites people to Allāh, works righteousness and submits to Allāh
Bible=Torah
Bin-Yāmīn (Benjamin, brother of Prophet Yūsuf)
Blazing Fire=Hell
Blessed Land, The (Palestine)
Boasters Allāh does not love arrogant boasters, those who are misers and commend gingerliness to people
Bones
Book, The (divine revelation), purpose of
Booty of areas conquered without fighting has to be paid to Allāh (His Cause), to the Prophet and his relations and to orphans, needy and wayfarers in order that wealth may not make a circuit between the wealthy but is distributed among the poor and needy. It is also for poor emigrants (Muhājirs) who were expelled from their homes and properties
Bracelets of gold
Brass, molten
Bread
Breastfeeding, period of: Weaning of an infant takes place at the age of 30 months of a baby
Bribe: Wrongful acquisition or consumption of wealth of other people is prohibited
Burden: Allāh places no burden on anyone beyond what he can bear. After a difficulty, Allāh grants relief
Business: Be fair in measure and weight
C
Calamities occur only with the leave of Allāh
Calumny: speaking ill of one another behind one’s back is prohibited; it is like eating the flesh of one’s brother
Camphor=Kāfūr.
Cattle
Cave, People of=Aṣḥab al-Kahf.
Character of a Muslim: stare not at others’ wives 15-88. Be gentle to the believers
Charity
Chastity: Guarding one’s chastity except with one’s wife is an attribute of the believer
Cheating in trade is not allowed: “Woe to those who defraud in weighing [and measuring], those who, when they have to receive by measure from people, exact full measure, but when they give people by measure or weight, they give them short [weight]. Do they not think that they will be raised up [on the Day of Resurrection]?”
Checks and balances is Allāh’s law to control people
Children of Isrā’īl=Banū Isrā’īl; Isrā’īl, Children of
Christ: Christians claim that Christ (Prophet ‘Īsā) is the Son of God
Churches
Cities Overturned
Clear Book: Allāh records all things in a Clear Book
Clear Evidence: The Qur’ān is Clear Evidence
Climate: Disorder on land and seas is caused by Man
Coats of mail
Commercial dealings/contracts must be committed to writing
Conciliation: No conciliation allowed in a matter of religion
Confederates, Battle of the=see under Khandaq.
Conquest of Makkah (Ramaḍān, 8 AH/Dec. 629-Jan. 630 CE)
Considered Weak (mustaḍ‘af – a persecuted, helpless Muslim)
Constellations
Covenant of the Children of Israel with God
Creation – the purpose of: The purpose of the Creation of Death and Life is to test Man
Creation
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Creation of Death and Life: Its purpose is to test Man
Creation, Purpose of: “I have created Jinns and humans, only so that they may worship Me. No sustenance do I require of them, nor do I require that they should feed Me”
Creation, Stages of: It is Allāh who created you from dust, then from a sperm–drop, then from a congealed blood clot; then He does get you out [into the light] as an infant: then He lets you [grow and] reach your age of full strength; then He lets you become old – though of you there are some who die before [reaching old age] – and lets you reach a term appointed; in order that you may understand
Creatures of the Universe, all prostrate to Allāh, none are arrogant
Creatures, Best of: believers who do good deeds
Creatures, Worst of: People of the Book and mushrikūn who reject Allāh’s Message
Credit=Loan
Criterion: The Qur’ān
Crops
Crow who demonstrated to Cain how to bury his slain brother
Cups
Cursed Tree, The=Zaqqūm.
D
Da‘wah: None is better than one who invites people to Allāh and works righteousness and submits to Allāh
Dā’ūd and Sulaymān: both were given Knowledge by Allāh
Dār al-Ḥarb: see the footnote to
Dār al-Islām: see the footnote to
Date-palms
Dates
David=Dā’ūd
Dawn
Day is for prolonged occupation with ordinary duties to earn livelihood
Day of Assembly
Day of Lamentation=Day of Judgement
Day of Mutual Calling
Day of Sorting Out=Judgement, Day of
Day of Truth=The Day of Judgement
Daylight
Days Appointed: Day of Slaughter at the end of Haj
Deafening Noise (Al-Ṣākhkah): a name of the Day of Resurrection
Death and Life were created by Allāh to test who is best in his deeds
Deeds: Everyone will be rewarded according to his good or evil deeds
Deprived: the poor who do not beg. There is a due share for such people in the wealth of the believers
Destiny of Man: “O you Man! Verily you are ever toiling on, painfully, towards your Lord until you will meet him
Dhū’n-Nūn (“Companion of the Fish”)=Yūnus (Jonah).
Dialogue with mushrikūn
Dīnar: see the footnote to
Dirham: see the footnote to
Disbelief is an evil word like an evil tree
Disorder on land and seas is caused by Man
Distribution of wealth: Wealth must not remain in the hands of the wealthy alone; it must be distributed among the poor
Divine Commands=Allāh’s Commands
Divine laws=Allāh’s laws
Divorce=Talāq
Dog of Aṣḥāb al-Kahf
Dower=Mahr
Drinking liquor
Dual-horned, The=Dhu’l-Qarnayn
Duniyā (world) is a place of trial
E
Earth
Earthly life: Whoever wants success in this world only, he will be granted it and he will have no share in the Hereafter
Earths, seven
Economy: Wealth must not remain in the hands of the wealthy alone; it must be distributed among the poor
Education: Read! In the name of your Lord, who created Man out of a congealed blood clot. Read! And your Lord is Most-Gracious, the One who taught by the Pen, taught Man that which he knew not (this is the first āyah revealed to Prophet Muḥammad)
Elephant, People of the: Allāh made their treacherous plan go astray. He sent against them waves of birds striking them with stones of baked clay. So, He made them like the empty straw of which grain has been separated
Elephants
Elijah=Ilyās
Emigrants=Muhājirūn
Emigration=Hijrah
Endurance without taking revenge is better for the believers
Enduring Word left behind by Prophet Ibrāhīm – see the footnote to
Enemies: Allāh can establish friendship between believers and their enemies, for Allāh has all powers
Enoch=Idrīs, Prophet
Enquiry: If a transgressor comes up with a report, believers must ascertain its truth and must not start propagating it – it may later result in shame and remorse for circulating a lie
Environment: Disorder on land and seas is caused by Man
Envy
Epidemic, behavior during: see the footnote to
Espionage: spying on one another is prohibited
Ethics: Do not follow what you do not know
Ethics=Morals
Etiquette during meetings: At the time of discussing important issues, one should leave the meeting only after seeking permission
Etiquette: always say ‘Inshā’ Allāh’ (If Allāh wills) when intending to do something
Etiquette=Morals
Eve=Ḥawwā’ (wife of Prophet Ādam).
Even and Odd: Allāh has created pairs in everything
Event Inevitable=Resurrection, Day of; Doomsday.
Event, Great=Resurrection, Day of
Evil habits: Envy
Evil must be repelled by what is better and the result will be that an “enemy” will become an intimate friend
Evils: Magic/Sorcery
F
Fairness in trade=Trade
Faith, Upright (al-Dīn al-Qayyim): to believe in One God, fear Allāh, establish regular prayer and shun shirk
Faith: Islām is to follow the right Way of Religion and not to follow the whims of those who know not
Fājir (sinner), pl. fajarah/fujjār
Falsehood: Bāṭil.
Family members: Believers’ wives and children may be their enemies (if they do not follow Allāh’s Commands) so beware of them. With such family members one must be kind and overlook their faults
Family: heads of families are responsible to save themselves and their families from the Fire of Hell
Farthest Mosque=the Aqṣā Mosque (in Al-Quds/Jerusalem, Palestine).
Fāsiq: see the footnote to
Fasting
Father of Flame=Abū Lahab (Prophet Muḥammad’s uncle and his arch enemy – see the footnote to
Fear of Allāh=Taqwā
Feeding: Feeding the hungry, the orphan and indigent is a test of Man’s gratitude to Allāh
Female and Male, creation of: are Signs of Allāh
Figs
Fīl, Aṣḥāb al- =Elephant, People of the
Fire
Firmest hand-hold: whoever submits to Allāh and does good deeds has grasped “the Firmest Hand-hold”
Fish of Prophet Mūsa which sneaked back into sea
Flood of Prophet Nūḥ: When the water overflowed beyond limits, We carried you in the floating Ark, that We might make it a reminder unto you and that ears that would hear the story would bear its lessons in remembrance
Flood sent to the people of the Pharaoh
Flood, The Great
Flood=Deluge
Fly
Folded-in-the-Blanket, The=Prophet Muḥammad
Food disallowed to Jews
Forces, The (Allāh’s enemies in various ages)
Foremost-in-the-Faith
Forgiveness=Allāh’s attributes
Forgiveness=Tawbah
Fornication: Believers do not commit adultery
Friday prayer: Believers, when the call of the Friday prayer is proclaimed, hasten earnestly to remember Allāh, and leave off business – that’s best for you. And when the prayer is finished, disperse through the land and seek the Bounty of Allāh
Friends: Believers are free to do favour to their close friends
Friendship: Allāh does not forbid the believers to deal kindly and justly with those who do not fight the believers in the matter of their Faith and do not expel them from their abodes
Frogs
Future, Knowledge of: The Prophet did not know what will be done [by Allāh] to him or to others. He followed only what was revealed to him
G
Gardens of Delight=Paradise.
Ghayb =Unseen
Ghislīn: pus from washing of wounds; it will the food of the people of Hell
Ghusl =Bath to remove impurity.
Ginger=Zanjabīl
God=Allāh
God-fearing believers are those who bring the Truth and those who believe in it
Gog and Magog=Yājūj and Mājūj
Goliath=Jālūt
Gomorrah
Good deeds are a corollary of Īmān
Good deeds required of Believers: to free slaves, feed the hungry, orphans and the indigent; believe in Allāh and exhort others to endure patiently and do acts of mercy. These are (traits of) the People of the Right Hand
Goodness and Evil are not equal. An evil must be repelled by what is better and the result will be that an “enemy” will become an intimate friend
Goodwill for all: Believers should forgive the unbelievers and the Rejecters
Grapes and other fruits
Grateful people are rewarded by Allāh
Graves
Great Event= Resurrection, Day of
Great News=Day of Resurrection
Great Sign=Miracle given to Prophet Mūsa
Great Success is attained by obeying Allāh and His Prophet and thereby believers deserve His forgiveness
Great Tumult: Day of Resurrection
Greed: Success is to be saved from one’s avarice
Greed=Miserliness
Greeting=Salām
Guardian=Walī (pl. Awliyā’). Guardians of the believers are Allāh, His Prophet and the believers
Guidance and misguidance are in the hands of Allāh
Guidance is a favour from Allāh
Guidance, Divine: Allāh has sent a Messenger who recites the Clear Signs of Allāh that He may lead forth from depth of Darkness into Light those who believe and do righteous deeds
H
Habitations on earth
Habits, Evil: backbiting, slanderer, piling up wealth and keep counting it thinking that one’s wealth would make him immortal
Heights, The=A‘rāf, Al-
Hell
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Helpers (Anṣār) at Madīnah: they entertained no desire in their hearts for things given to emigrants from Makkah, even though destitution was their lot
Helplessness of Man before Allāh: Man is helpless in front of Allāh; He can make day and night perpetual and none will be able to change it
Herbs, creeping
Hereafter
Hindus are like “People of the Book” – see the footnote to
History and ruins have lessons for Man about the fate of the earlier generations who associated others as gods with Allāh
Holy Land (Palestine)
Holy Spirit=Rūḥ al-Quds
Home of Misery=Hell
Honey is Sign of Allāh, therein is healing for people
Hoopoe
Hour, The=Doomsday, Day of Resurrection
Human Equality: All people are equal – they were created from a single pair of male and female. Allāh made people into nations and tribes so that they may know (recognise) each other, not to despise each other. The most honoured in the sight of Allāh are the most fearful of Him
Human Equality: Allāh created people as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other
Human helplessness: They are helpless even in front of a fly
Human life: Allāh grants long life to some until they are reversed in terms of intelligence and health
Human limitations: You cannot frustrate Allāh through the earth and you have no guardian or helper besides Allāh
Human Nature, deficiencies, evils of: (It is evil) not to honour the orphan, fail to encourage one another to feed the poor, devour inheritance in greed, love wealth inordinately
Human Nature=Nature, Human
Humanity was created as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other
Humanity’s knowledge is limited: no human knows what he will earn next day and where he will die
Hypocrisy: Woe to the worshippers who are forgetful of their Prayers; who make a show of their deeds; who refuse to share even small articles of need with their neighbours
Hypocrite=Munāfiq
I
Ibrāhīm
Ibrāhīm and Makkah: The Sacred Mosque in Makkah was assigned to him to sanctify it and prepare it for prayer
Ibrāhīm, People of
Ibrāhīm, Prophet: gave the name of “Muslim” (Submitter to Allāh) to the believers
Ibrāhīm, Station of: See the footnote to
Ibrāhīm, the Way of
Idolatry=Shirk
Ignorance is to worship others than Allāh
Ilyāsīn, Prophet: see the footnote to
Infant, Weaning of: at the age of 30 months of a baby
Infighting: If two parties from among the believers fall into a fight, make peace between them, and fight against the one that transgresses until it returns to the command of Allāh, and if it returns, make peace between them with justice, for Allāh loves those who are equitable
Ingratitude of Man: By no means has Man fulfilled what Allāh commanded him despite all the favours done to him
Inheritance=Mīrāth, Kalālah, Turāth.
Injīl (Gospel)
Ink of all the oceans is not enough to write the words of Allāh
Inscription, People of The=Aṣḥāb al-Raqīm
Intention to do something: a believer must always say ‘Inshā’ Allāh’ (If Allāh wills) when intending to do something
Interfaith dialogue: debate with the People of the Book in the best way
International Relations: abrogate treaty if treachery is feared (no war while treaty stands between Muslims and another country or community)
Interpolation of months (Nasī’) is not allowed
Iram, described in the Qur’ān as “Iram of the Pillars” [People of Prophet Hūd]: see the footnote to
Irtidād=Apostasy
Isaac=Isḥāq, Prophet
ISIS destroyed the tomb of Prophet Yūnus – see the footnote to
Islām is a Universal Message: “Verily, this [Qur’ān] is nothing but a Message to [all] the worlds”
Islāmic morals: Allāh enjoined Man to be kind to his parents; but he must not obey them if they force him to associate other gods with Allāh
Isrā’īl [Prophet Ya‘qūb]
Isrā’īl, Children of
Isrā’īl, Children of=Children of Isrā’īl/Banū Isrā’īl.
Ithm: Sin
J
Jacob=Ya‘qūb, Prophet
Jahannam: another name of Hell. Abode of the Rejecters and the disbelievers in Allāh’s Signs
Jālūt (Goliath): see the footnote to
Jannah=Paradise
Jerusalem=Aqṣā Mosque
Jesus, Jesus Christ=‘Īsā, Prophet
Jethro=Shu‘ayb, Prophet
Jewish insinuation about Allāh
Jews, foods made unlawful for them
Jews=Isrā’īl, Children of
Jibt
Jizyah
Job=Ayyūb, Prophet
John=Yaḥya, Prophet
Jonah=Yūnus, Prophet
Joseph=Yūsuf, Prophet
Judgement, Day of
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Jūdī, Mountain
Junction of the Two Seas
K
Ka‘bah
Kabā’ir=Major Sins – see the Appendix D.
Kāfūr
Kalālah
Kawthar, Al- (The Abundant): a river or water tank in Paradise
Khamṭ
Kḥiḍr, Al-: “Servant of Allāh” [said to be the eternal Khiḍr]
Khums=Zakāt, tax on Booty.
Killings: Believers do not slay life made sacred by Allāh
Kings destroy towns and despoil them and turn the noblest into the meanest
Knocker, The=Day of Resurrection
Knowledgeable people fear Allāh
Korah=Qārūn (an Israelite during the time of Prophet Mūsa)
Kuffār
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Kuffār of the People of the Book and mushrikūn: there place is the Hell Fire wherein they will dwell forever. They are the worst of creatures
Kuffār, attributes of: They break promises, disregard relationships, make mischief
Kuffār, Friendship with: Allāh does not forbid the believers to deal kindly and justly with those who do not fight the believers in the matter of their Faith and do not expel them from their abodes
Kuffār’s Evil Habits: backbiting, slander, piling up wealth and keep counting it thinking that one’s wealth would make him immortal
Kuffār’s Rejection of the Truth hurts them alone, and adds to the contempt for the Rejecters in the sight of Allāh and adds to their own loss
Kuffār’s Traits: they do not give in charity. On the contrary, they disbelieve the Truth, turn away and strut back to their families in full conceit. Woe to such a person! Does Man think that he will not be held accountable for his deeds and misdeeds? Does he not know that he was a helpless drop of sperm which was emitted? Then he became a congealed blood clot, then Allāh made and fashioned him in due proportion, and of him, He made two pairs, male and female. Does He [Allāh] not have the same power to give life to the dead?
L
Labour, attributes of a good labourer: he should be strong and trustworthy
Lame: no issue if a lame person eats with you (abhorred by pre-Islām Arabs)
Language: Prophets bring their Message in the language of their people
Law of Equality=Qiṣāṣ
Law of Life: (Do not despair) with every difficulty, there is relief; with every difficulty, there is relief
Lawful and unlawful are not equal
Lawful food=Food
Lawḥ Maḥfūẓ=Tablet Secure
Laws, Divine=Allāh’s laws
Laylatu’l-Qadr= Night of Destiny
Lead, molten, used by Dhu’l-Qarnayn to build a barrier
Learned people fear Allāh
Legacy=Wills
Lewd deeds, prohibited
Lewdness=Sin
Lice
Life after death is truth
Life on earth is nothing but amusement and play while the life of the Hereafter is everlasting
Life, Law of: (Do not despair) with every difficulty, there is relief; with every difficulty, there is relief
Lion
Lot=Lūṭ, Prophet
Lote-tree
Lūṭ (Lot), Prophet
Lūṭ, Brethren of Prophet
Lūṭ, Wife of Prophet: despite being the wife of a Prophet of Allāh, nothing saved her when she disobeyed Him
Luxuries of life: not unlawful if acquired justly and legally
M
Ma‘rib: see the footnote to
Magians=Majūs
Magic (during Pharaoh’s time)
Magician: Prophet Mūsa was called a magician
Mahr (Dower paid to wife)
Major Sins=Sins, Major
Majūs
Makkah: see also: Quraysh.
Makkah=Mushrikūn of Makkah
Male and female, creation of, are Signs of Allāh
Man cannot frustrate Allāh on the earth or in the heavens
Man, Destiny of: “O You Man! Verily, you are ever toiling on, painfully, towards your Lord until you will meet Him
Man’s powerlessness in front of Allāh: “Do you feel secure that He who is in the Heaven will not cause you to be swallowed up by the earth when it shakes [and moves as in an earthquake]? Or do you feel secure that He who is in the Heaven will not send against you a [violent] wind bearing pebbles, so that you shall know how [terrible] was My warning?”
Mann, al- =Manna
Marriage=Nikāḥ
Martyrs are alive
Mary=Mariyam
Measure: “Woe to those who defraud in weighing [and measuring], those who, when they have to receive by measure from people, exact full measure, but when they give people by measure or weight, they give them short [weight]. Do they not think that they will be raised up?”
Mecca=Makkah
Menstrual course
Mentally-weak, treatment of
Mercy (Raḥmah) is the rule for Allāh’s treatment of His servants
Messenger and Prophet: for an explanation, see the footnote to
Messenger of Allāh is sent to guide people from the depths of Darkness into Light
Messengers of Allāh’s mission is to warn about the Day of Judgement
Migration: Spacious is Allāh’s earth (migrate if living in a place is made difficult for you)
Minor sins
Minorities, Muslim: allowed to work under non-Muslim rulers: Prophet Yūsuf asked the king of Egypt to appoint him as the store-keeper (minister of supplies) of the land
Miracles of Prophet Muḥammad: splitting of the Moon
Mischief-makers, punishment for
Misguidance: people who spend their money and time to mislead people will be subjected to humiliating punishment
Mīzān=Balance.
Mocking others is prohibited
Monasteries
Monasticism was not prescribed for the followers of Prophet ‘Īsa, they invented it, yet did not observe it properly
Monotheism=Tawḥīd
Moon, Miracle of splitting of
Morals, Islāmic: Man is enjoined by Allāh to treat his parents kindly but one should not obey them if they order him to disobey Allāh’s commands
Morning Light
Moses=Mūsa, Prophet
Mosquito
Mother of the Towns (Makkah)
Mother: Man is enjoined by Allāh to be kind to his parents, especially to his mother who bore him in pain, and in pain did she give him birth
Mothers of Believers (the Prophet’s wives)
Moths
Mountain (Ṭūr)
Mountains
Mu’min (pl. Mu’minūn): see Faithfuls
Mubāhalah
Muḥammad, Prophet is not immortal: He was destined to die (he was not eternal)
Muḥammad, Prophet, rules of etiquette in dealing with: Believers should not put themselves forward before the Prophet. They should not raise their voices over his voice. They should not speak with him loudly as they speak with one another. They should lower their voices in his presence
Muḥammad, Prophet: Prophet ‘Īsa’s prophecy that a Prophet called “Aḥmad” will come after him
Muḥammad, the Prophet ordered to go out and preach: O You, the Wrapped-up-in-a-Blanket, arise and warn people; magnify your Lord and keep your garments clean
Muḥammad, the Prophet was sent to all Mankind as a giver of good tidings and a warner
Muḥammad, The Prophet
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Muḥammad, the Prophet’s expulsion from Makkah
Muḥammad, the Prophet’s Message is the same as the Message in previous Scriptures revealed to Ibrāhīm and Mūsa
Muḥammad, the Prophet’s wives were told that if they prefer the glitter of this life, they are given the choice to be divorced and sent off with honour by the Prophet (when some of them demanded higher allowances)
Mules
Munāfiqūn=Hypocrites
Munkar (q.v.)
Munkar, Nahy ‘an al- (Forbidding what is wrong)
Murder, murder of one innocent person is equal to murdering whole Mankind (“if anyone killed a person, unless it be [in retaliation] for murder or for spreading mischief in the land, it would be as if he slew the whole Mankind: And if anyone saved one life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole Mankind”)
Mūsa, Prophet
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Mūsa, Prophet, was given the Criterion
Mushrikūn
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Mushrikūn and kuffār of the People of the Book’s place is the Hell Fire wherein they will dwell forever. They are the worst of creatures
Mushrikūn of Makkah: They did not receive an earlier Scripture nor a warner was sent to them before Prophet Muḥammad
Mushrikūn, refuge to, relations with: if a mushrik seeks refuge, he must be given it to enable him to listen to Allāh’s Message, then he must be given safe passage to wherever he wants to go
Musk
Muslim minorities: See under Wilāyah.
Muslim morals
Muslims and sinners will not be treated equally by Allāh
Muslims are a Single Ummah
Muslims’ later generations: “And those who came after them say: “Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who came before us into the Faith, and leave not, in our hearts, rancour against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed Most-Compassionate, Most-Merciful”
Muslimūn (pl. of Muslim): who submit to Allāh and believe in His Signs
Mutual Overreaching, Day of
N
Nakhlah: a place near Ṭā’if where the Festival of ‘Ukāz was held during Jāhilīyyah – see the footnote to
Names, Allāh’s Beautiful
Naskh (Abrogation)
Nasr (an idol)
Nations and communities: their rise and fall is determined by Allāh
Nations and tribes: people have been created by Allāh as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other
Needy=Poor; Indigent; Charity.
New Testament
Niches
Nicknames – calling nicknames of one another is prohibited
Night and Day: Allāh does determine Day and Night in due measure
Nightly journey to the Aqṣā Mosque=Isrā’.
Nikāḥ=Marriage – see also Ṭalāq
Noah: see Nūḥ, Flood – see the footnote to
Noah=Nūḥ, Prophet
Nūḥ, Prophet
Nūḥ, wife of: despite being the wife of a Prophet of Allāh, nothing saved her when she disobeyed Him
Nūḥ’s Ark=Ark of Nūḥ
Nūḥ’s Flood: When the water overflowed beyond limits, We carried you in the floating Ark, that We might make it a reminder unto you and that ears that would hear that story would bear its lessons in remembrance
Nūḥ’s people disbelieved the Messengers; were drowned and made a Sign for Mankind
O
Odd and Even: Allāh has created pairs in everything
Orchards: grown by Allāh for Man
Ornaments
Others’ rights, violation of, prohibited
Overflowing House (in the heaven)
Overshadowing Clouds, The Day of
Overthrown Towns, The
Ox
P
Palestine and Arabia: there were continuous habitations between these two lands but people wronged themselves by asking Allāh to place larger distances between their journey stages. Such people were dispersed
Parable=Simile.
Parables: Qur’ān contains all kinds of parables
Paradise
Paradise is for those who believe and do good deeds
Paradise, other names of: Gardens of Eternity
Party of Allāh: “Allāh will admit such believers into Paradise, beneath which rivers flow, to dwell therein forever. Allāh is well-pleased with them and they are well-pleased with Allāh. They are the Party of Allāh and, truly, the Party of Allāh attains final success”
Pathways of Ascent: Allāh is the Lord of the Pathways of Ascent [leading to and from the Heavens]
People of Paradise are the Believers who will live in Paradise forever
People of the Book and mushrikūn: Kuffār from the People of Book and the polytheists were not going to depart from their ways until there should come to them Clear Evidence (Qur’ān – see the footnote to
People of the Elephant: see
People wrong themselves, Allāh does not wrong people
Persecution in religion: Spacious is Allāh’s earth (migrate if living in a place is made difficult for you)
Pharaoh
Pharaoh, Wife of: was saved because she believed in Allāh and disassociated herself from her misguided husband
Piety=Taqwā
Planets
Pledge of Good Pleasure: see the footnotes to
Pledge of loyalty of believing women: Prophet Muḥammad was commanded by Allāh to receive the pledge of loyalty (Islām) of women as follows: pledge not to commit shirk, not to steal, not commit adultery, not kill their children, not forge falsehood of attributing someone else’s child to their husbands, and that they will not disobey the Prophet in any just manner
Poets: The misguided follow them; poets wander in distraction and say what they practice not, except the poets who believe, do good deeds and engage in the remembrance of Allāh
Polemics: This is Allāh’s creation, show what others have created?
Polygamy
Polytheism=Shirk.
Pomegranates
Poor believers are better than influential Rejecters: The Prophet was reprimanded by Allāh for disregarding a blind person who came to him seeking guidance (see the footnote to
Poor=Indigent
Pots
Pottery
PoWs must be fed despite one’s own need
Prayer for delivering a speech
Prayer to Allāh: “Say: I seek refuge with the Lord-of-the-Dawn, from the evil of what He created; from the evil of dark [night] as it overspreads; from the evil of those [women] who blow on knots; and from the evil of the envious one as he practices envy”
Prayer= Ṣalāt
Previous nations: advice to travel to various places on the earth to see how earlier nations perished
Pride (undue) is detested by Allāh
Priests, Christian
Prisoners must be fed despite one’s own need
Prohibitions: telling lies
Prophecies, Qur’ānic: Prophet Muḥammad will not be father of a male child
Prophecy of Prophet ‘Īsa that Aḥmad [another name of Prophet Muḥammad] will come after him
Prophets (Messengers of Allāh to the humanity) are always human beings (not angels)
Prophet is only a warner
Prophet Muḥammad was grieved that many of his audience did not believe in his Message
Prophet Muḥammad was not immortal: He will die like others will
Prophet(s)
Prophet: Even the Prophet will be punished on the Day of Judgement if he disobeyed Allāh
Prophet: Mushrikūn claimed that the Prophet has either forged a lie against Allāh or is afflicted with madness
Protection=Wilāyah
Psalms=Zabūr
Punishment (Divine) as a rule followed only after Warners (Prophets) were disbelieved by their people
Punishment (revenge) should be commensurate with the crime or injury but to patiently endure an insult and injury and forgive is best for the believers
Punishment of the People of Prophet Nūḥ
Punishment: Kuffār asked the Prophet to hasten their punishment but Allāh has appointed a time for each thing and it will not happen before the term appointed by Allāh
Punishment: people invited to travel across the earth to see the fate of the disbelievers
Punishment: Time for obeying Allāh’s commands and turning in repentance and submitting to Him is before the Punishment arrives (during one’s life on earth)
Q
Qaḍf =slander
Qaṣr: see Ṣalāt (prayer)
Qinṭār: see the footnote to
Qiyāmah, Yawm al-=Resurrection, Day of.
Questions: asking too much questions is discouraged
Qur’ān – Allāh’s testimony: Allāh swore by the settings of the stars that the Qur’ān, Most-Honourable, is preserved in a Book well-guarded which none but the pure touch. It is a revelation from the Lord of the Worlds
Qur’ān – no compulsion to accept it: the Qur’ān is recited by the Prophet; it is left to everyone to accept or reject guidance
Qur’ān – treatment by later Muslims: The Prophet will tell Allāh on the Day of Judgement that his people deserted the Qur’ān
Qur’ān – treatment by the Quraysh of Makkah and People of the Book at the time: Kuffār (of Quraysh) said to each other, “Listen not to this Qur’ān! Instead, make [meaningless] noise, so that you might gain the upper hand”
Qur’ān and earlier Scriptures: It described to the Children of Isrā’īl (Jews) most of the matters they disagreed about
Qur’ān is a weighty responsibility: If it was revealed to a mountain it would have been humbled and cleaved asunder for fear of Allāh
Qur’ān is an admonition for the God-fearing
Qur’ān is immortal: Allāh has taken it upon Himself to collect the revelation and to recite it and to explain it
Qur’ān is immutable: (challenge to humanity) replicate even one Sūrah (chapter) like it
Qur’ān is in Arabic and it confirms the earlier revelation to Prophet Mūsa. Its purpose is to warn the wrongdoers and to give good tidings to those who do good deeds
Qur’ān was revealed in stages over 23 years: “It is We who have sent down the Qur’ān to you [O Prophet] by stages. Therefore, endure patiently the Command of your Lord and obey not the sinners or the ungrateful among them; and celebrate the name of your Lord morning and evening and part of the night, prostrate yourself to Him, and glorify Him a long night through
Qur’ān, Abbreviated Letters: see the footnote to
Qur’ān: Naskh (q.v.)
Qur’ān’s self-description: Only Allah can produce the Quran
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Qur’ānic Miracles: The body of the Pharaoh is saved for eternity as a lesson and warning for humanity (discovered intact in the 20th century)
Qur’ānic Prayers: [Prophet Ibrāhīm’s prayer to Allāh:] “O My Lord! Bestow wisdom on me, and join me with the righteous, and grant me honourable mention on the tongue of truth among the later [generations], and make me one of the inheritors of the Paradise of Bliss, and forgive my father, for he is among the misguided, and let me not be disgraced on the Day when [people] will be raised up, the Day whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, except one who brings to Allāh a blame–free [pure] heart.”
Qur’ānic Prophecies=Prophecies, Qur’ānic
Qur’ānic similes: all kinds of similes are explained in the Qur’ān
Quraysh said that after their death, they will not be raised up again; they asked the Prophet to bring back their dead forefathers. Are people of Quraysh better than the sinful people of Tubba‘ (see the footnote to
Quraysh/Arabs: no warner [Messenger of Allāh] was sent to them before Prophet Muḥammad
R
Rabb, Al– (The Sustainer): see the footnote to
Rabbis
Racism has no place in Islām: Humanity was created as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other
Rahbānīyyah=Monasticism
Raḥīm, Al– : see footnote to
Raḥmān, Al– : see footnote to
Ramaḍān: Fasting during this month is obligatory
Rass, Aṣḥāb al–=Well, People of the; Rass, People of the
Reading: Read! In the name of your Lord, who created Man out of a congealed blood clot. Read! And your Lord is Most–Gracious, the One who taught by the Pen, taught Man that which he knew not (this is the first āyah revealed to Prophet Muḥammad)
Recompense (thawāb): Allāh will pay full recompense for deeds
Rejecters of faith=Kuffār
Rejecters of Makkah (Quraysh) should know that Allāh destroyed many earlier generations for their sins though they were mightier than these Rejecters (Quraysh). So wander through the land to see that there is no place of escape from Allāh
Rejection of Allāh (Kufr): Does Man not know that Allāh created him out of a sperm? Yet (being so lowly in origin), he stands forth as an open adversary to Allāh
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Relations with non–believers: Allāh does not forbid the believers to deal kindly and justly with those who do not fight the believers in the matter of their Faith and do not expel them from their abodes
Religion common to all Prophets: to worship Allāh in sincere devotion, be upright in faith, establish regular prayer and pay Zakāt
Religion, dissension and division prohibited in the matter of
Religion, Freedom of: Allāh did not want to force people to follow one faith
Religion, no compulsion in the matter of
Religion, No difficulty in the matter of: Allāh did not impose difficulties on Muslims
Religion, non–Muslims: see also: Faith, Upright.
Religion: Allāh established for us one religion – the same that was enjoined on Prophets Nūḥ, Ibrāhīm, Mūsa and ‘Īsā and on Prophet Muḥammad, namely to establish religion, not differ about it
Religiosity, pride in: No one should boast about his religiosity and inform Allāh about it because Allāh knows all that is in the Universe
Religious differences between followers of various religions will be settled by Allāh on the Day of Resurrection
Religious freedom: It’s not Allāh’s scheme to force people to adhere to one religion
Remembrance of Allāh: wealth and children must not divert one from remembrance of Allāh
Repentance=Tawbah
Respite available to Man is only during his life-time in this world before a Day comes which could not be put back. When that Day comes there will be no refuge and there will be no room for denial of one’s sins
Responsibility=Accountability.
Resurrection is fast approaching, The Day of
Resurrection, Reason for Rejecters’ denial of the Day of: Man denies the Day of Judgement so that he may continue committing wrongs in what is left of his life. And he questions: “When is the Day of Resurrection?”
Resurrection, The Situation on the Day of: Does Man not know that all that is in the graves will be brought out, and all that is locked in hearts will be made manifest [on the Day of Judgement]. That Day, Allāh will be Well–Acquainted with the deeds and misdeeds of Man
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Resurrection, Timing of the Day of: its knowledge is with Allāh alone
Retaliation (for an injury or murder)=Qiṣāṣ
Revelation confirms previous Messages: Before the Qur’ān, Allāh revealed a Scripture to Prophet Mūsa as guide and mercy. This book [Qur’ān] in Arabic confirms the earlier one. Its purpose is to warn the wrongdoers and give good tidings to those who do good deeds
Revelation, Purpose of: so that people stand forth in justice, and so that Allāh may test humanity to see who stands with Him unseen
Revelation, Source of: (The Qur’ān) is revealed by Him who knows the secrets of the universe
Revenge=Qiṣāṣ.
Reward, Great is for those who believe and do good deeds
Reward for believers: Who believe and do good deeds shall have a reward complete and limitless
Ribbī (devoted to God)
Riddah=Apostasy
Right Faith, The: (al–Dīn al–Qayyim)
Right Hand, People of the
Right Hand/Left Hand: See the footnote to
Righteousness: doers of righteous deeds will get pure life and rewards to the best of their actions
Rijz (calamity): see the footnote to
Rizq=Sustenance
Rocky Tract, People of The=Ḥijr, Aṣḥāb al–
Rod of Mūsa
Romans (Byzantines): Qur’ān’s prophecy that the Romans will soon defeat their enemies [the Persians] – see the footnotes to
Rūḥ al–Quds, al–
Rūḥ: Revelation, The Qur’ān or the divine Message – see the footnote to
Rūḥ=Spirit
Ruins and history have lessons for Man about the fate of the earlier generations who associated others as gods with Allāh
Rukhṣah: see the footnote to
Rule/judge only according to Allāh’s commands
S
Sacred House=Ka‘bah
Sacrifice during Ḥaj
Sacrificial animals (sacrificed at the completion of the Ḥaj rites)
Sakīnah=Tranquility
Salsabīl: a spring in Paradise
Salvation in the Hereafter, the basic requirements: “Those who believe [in the Qur’ān], and those who follow the Jewish [Scriptures], and the Christians and the Sabians, [and] any who believed in Allāh and the Hereafter, and worked righteous deeds, shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve”
Saqar=Hell
Satan=Iblīs, Shayṭān
Satisfied Soul: a Believer who receives Allāh’s acceptance and pleasure on the Day of Judgement
Scaremongering, prohibition of
Scientific indications in the Qur’ān
Scriptures
Self–defence is permissible: If one defends himself after a wrong has been inflicted on him, there is no cause of blame against such a person
Self-Defence (Believers’ traits): If oppression is inflicted on them, they defend themselves
Self–glorification: Claim not to be pure, pious and guiltless – only Allāh knows who is pure and pious
Serpent=Snake
Seven Oft–Repeated Āyahs: see under Qur’ān; Introduction.
Sexual relations: Believers have sexual relations only with their wives
Shades, created by Allāh for people to rest
Shafā‘ah=Intercession.
Shayṭān
Shayṭān, Party of
Shayṭān: see also Iblīs.
Sheba=Saba’
She-camels: Baḥīrah, Sā’ibah, Waṣīlah, Ḥām
Shirk (idolatry)
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Social duties of believers: believers enjoin the right and forbid the wrong