Subject Index to the Glorious Qur'ān

Special Characters

‘Adhāb, Al- (Punishment): see the footnote to

‘Azīmah: see the footnote to

Āzar, father of Prophet Ibrāhīm

Ḍarī‘: dried part of a thorny tree given to dwellers of Hell as food

Ḥalāl and Ḥarām: People are not allowed to declare things as ḥalāl and ḥarām on their own

Ḥannah (mother of Mariyam): see the footnote to

Ḥarām and Ḥalāl: see Ḥalāl and Ḥarām.

Ḥarām foods – see: Foods, Unlawful

Ḥaram: no one including the Prophet is permitted to declare as forbidden (ḥarām) that which Allāh has made lawful (ḥalāl)

Ḥāṭib ibn Abī Balta‘ah (Companion of the Prophet): see the footnote to

Ḥawwā’ (Eve, Prophet Ādam’s wife): see the footnote to

Ḥijāb: Believing women should draw their scarves over their neck-openings and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers or their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women or male attendants deficient in intelligence, and young children who have no carnal knowledge of women

Ḥijr, Aṣḥāb al-

Ḥikmah (Wisdom)

Ḥudaybīyah, Treaty of (Dhū al-Qa‘dah, 6 AH/March 628 CE, between the Prophet and the people of Makkah): Allāh promised Muslims many gains and the Truce of Ḥudaybīyah (see the footnote to

Ḥunayn, Battle of

Ḥurūf Muqaṭṭa‘āt=Abbreviated Letters: see the footnote to

‘Ibādah: Believers must worship Allāh until death

‘Iddat: There is no ‘Iddat (see the footnote to

‘Illīyūn: a place where the records of the Righteous are kept

Īmān (belief) is incomplete without good deeds

Īmān, Pledge of women: Prophet Muḥammad, commanded by Allāh, received the pledge of loyalty (Islām) of women as follows: pledge not to commit shirk, not to steal, not to commit adultery, not to kill their children, not to forge falsehood of attributing someone else’s child to their husbands, and that they will not disobey the Prophet in any just manner

Īmān: “Sufficient is Allāh for me! In Him trust those who put their trust”

Īmān: see Belief; “Good deeds”.

‘Imrān, Family of

‘Imrān, Wife of (mother of Mariyam)

‘Īsa, Prophet’s, prophecy that Aḥmad [another name of Prophet Muḥammad] will come after him [Prophet ‘Īsa]

Ṣabr/Muṣābarah: Be patient and enjoin each other to be patient

Ṣabr=Endurance, Patience

Ṣalāt, Qaṣr (shortened prayer)

Ṣalāt: Believers, when the call of the Friday prayer is proclaimed, hasten earnestly to remember Allāh, and leave off business – that’s best for you. And when the prayer is finished, disperse through the land and seek the Bounty of Allāh

Ṣāliḥ, Prophet

Ṭalāq (Ẓihār): Allāh heard the statement of a woman disputing with the Prophet concerning her husband (who had pronounced Ẓihār to his wife – see the footnote to

Ṭalūt: 247–50

Ṭūr, Mount

Ṭuwā, the Sacred Valley of

‘Urwah al-Wathqa, al- =Firmest Hand-hold

Ẓihār: practicing divorce by way of Ẓihār is not allowed

A

A‘rāf, al- : Heights – a station between Paradise and Hell

Aaron=Hārūn, Prophet.

Abbreviated Letters (Ḥurūf Muqaṭṭa‘āt): see the footnote to

Ablution=Wuḍū’

Abode of Islām=Dār al-Islām

Abode of War=Dār al-Ḥarb

Abraha who led the army of elephants to destroy Makkah; see Elephant, People of

Abraham=Ibrāhīm, Prophet

Abrār=Righteous, Believers

Abū Bakr (“Second of the Two”; first Caliph)

Abū Lahab (Prophet Muḥammad’s uncle and his archenemy – see the footnote to

Accountability will be only according to one’s means

Admonition: Allāh invites people to travel in the land to see the fate of the Rejecters from earlier times

Adoption: an adopted child is not the same as a biological child

Adultery (Zinā): Believers do not commit it

Afflictions: Man is responsible for whatever misfortune afflicts him because of his own actions although Allāh grants forgiveness for many a sin

Aḥbār (doctors of Jewish law)

Ahl al-Kitāb (People of the Book)

Aḥmad: Prophecy of Prophet ‘Īsa that “Aḥmad” [another name of Prophet Muḥammad] will come after him

Aḥqāf, Al-=Winding Sand Tracts

Aḥzāb, Ghazwah al-=Khandaq

Aḥzab=Sects

Akhlāq=Morals

Alcohol=Drinking liquor/Khamr

Alexander=Iskandar

Allāh is not eager to punish His servants

Allāh is sufficient for the Believers: “Sufficient is Allāh for me! In Him trust those who put their trust”

Allāh, Laws of=Laws of Allāh

Allāh: See also Tawḥīd, Shirk, Kufr, Kuffār, Mushrikūn

Allāh’s Beautiful Names

Allāh’s Bounties are for all people, good and bad

Allāh’s Commands to Man: follow justice and charity, shun lewd deeds, don’t violate others’ rights

Allāh’s Creation: Do they not observe the birds above them, spreading their wings and folding them in? None can uphold them except the Most-Gracious

Allāh’s Days=Days of Allāh.

Allāh’s favours to Mankind

Allāh’s Fear: One who fears Allāh, will remember His Message

Allāh’s Friends: people of taqwā

Allāh’s Justice: Allāh does not treat the righteous and the mischief-makers equally; He does not treat those who fear Allāh as He treats those who are wicked

Allāh’s Knowledge: He knew Man while he was still a foetus in his mother’s womb

Allāh’s laws never change

Allāh’s Mercy: Nothing will be left on the face of the earth if Allāh were to punish for all sins; instead Allāh gives people respite for an appointed term

Allāh’s Message: Allāh will complete His Light even though the Rejecters of Truth may detest it

Allāh’s Messengers used to come to them but they rejected them

Allāh’s Might: Allāh is able to re-create Man and to (again) put together the very tips of his finger

Allāh’s Noble Throne=Throne Supreme

Allāh’s Plans: Allāh will turn His attention to the humans and the Jinns

Allāh’s Power: “Do you feel secure that He who is in Heaven will not cause you to be swallowed up by the earth when it shakes [and moves as in an earthquake]? Or do you feel secure that He who is in Heaven will not send against you a [violent] wind bearing pebbles, so that you shall know how [terrible] was My warning?”

Allāh’s Practice never changes

Allāh’s Praises are proclaimed by all in the Universe

Allāh’s Promise is true

Allāh’s Remembrance is the greatest virtue in life

Allāh’s Servants are helped and will surely triumph

Allāh’s Sunnah (Way, Practice, Law) never changes

Allāh’s Treasures never end

Allāh’s Words: If all seas twice over were ink, they will not suffice to record Allāh’s words

Allāh’s Wrath: Lost is one who attracts Allāh’s wrath

Alyasa‘ (Elisha)

Ancient House=Sacred Mosque of Makkah, The

Angel of Death

Animals for food

Animals, riding (ḍāmir)

Animals, Wild

Anṣār (Helpers or Supporters of the emigrants at Madīnah at the time of the Prophet)

Anṭākiya: see the footnote to

Antioch=Anṭākiya.

Ants

Apostasy: one who is forced to say words of disbelief will not be punished

Apostates: Those who turn their backs, after guidance has become clear to them, are instigated and guided by the Shayṭān

Aqṣā Mosque: nightly journey of the Prophet to

Arabia and Palestine: there were continuous habitations between these two lands but people wronged themselves by asking Allāh to place larger distances between their journey stages. Such people were dispersed

Arabic, the Qur’ān is revealed in Arabic

Arbāb: patrons — see the footnotes to

Armour (coats of mail) was taught by Allāh to Prophet Dā’ūd

Arrogance is detested by Allāh

Arrogant disbelievers will not enter Paradise until camel passes through the eye of a needle

Aṣbāṭ, Al- : The Tribes – see the footnotes to

Asceticism: There is no rahbānīyah (monasticism) in Islām

Aṣḥāb al-Kahf (People of the Cave)

Aṣḥāb al-Raqīm

Asses

Atheism: Man rejects Allāh and the Day of Resurrection so that he may be free to commit sins

Attributes of Allāh=Allāh’s attributes.

Authority: If in authority, you must not make mischief in the land nor break ties with kith and kin. Those who do are cursed by Allāh, who makes them deaf and blind. Do they not ponder over the Qur’ān or are there locks on their hearts?

Avarice: Those who are saved from the covetousness of their souls are the ones that achieve success

Aykah, Al-=Wood, The

Aykah, Aṣḥāb al- =Wood, People of the

Ayyūb (Job) He cried to his Lord that the Shayṭān has afflicted him with distress and suffering. He was told: strike with your feet (and was told:) here is water, cool and refreshing; use it to wash and drink

B

Ba‘l (Baal), idol

Backbiting is prohibited – it is like eating the flesh of your dead brother

Badr, Battle of

Bakkah (Makkah)

Balad, Al- (Makkah)

Balance (Mīzān)

Banū Isrā’īl=Isrā’īl, Children of

Banū Qurayẓah (a Jewish tribe in Arabia): see the footnote to

Bargain: belief in Allāh and His Messenger is a bargain for which one will be rewarded with forgiveness of sins and a place in the Gardens of Eternity

Barzakh (the intervening time between death and the Day of Resurrection)

Basins

Bāṭil (Falsehood): those who believe in Bāṭil are the losers

Beakers

Beast to be brought by Allāh out of the earth (before the end of Time)

Beasts

Beautiful Loan: Who is the one who will give to Allāh a beautiful loan? For [Allāh] will increase it manifold to his credit, and [besides] he will have a generous reward

Beautiful Names of Allāh=Allāh; see Appendix B.

Bedouin Arabs around Madīnah during the Prophet’s time

Bees

Beggars: don’t chide one who asks (begs)

Behaviour required of a believer: Evil must be repelled by what is better and the result will be that an “enemy” will become an intimate friend

Belief (Īmān) is a virtuous word like a virtuous tree

Belief and good deeds: see under: Īmān and good deeds.

Belief in Allāh and His Messenger is a bargain that will save you from a painful Punishment

Belief, blind: Believers do not have blind faith

Believers and doers of good deeds are not equal to sinners

Believers and Messengers of Allāh: Allāh has taken upon Himself to help His Messengers and the Believers in this world and the Hereafter

Believers and sinners: Muslims and sinners will not be treated equally by Allāh

Believers are required to pray, read the Qur’ān, pay Zakāt and extend a good loan to Allāh (see the footnote to this āyah)

Believers on the Day of Resurrection: “Some faces that Day will be shining [with delight], laughing, rejoicing”

Believers will be rewarded with Paradise because they did good deeds: They were in the habit of sleeping but a little at night; in early dawn they prayed for Allāh’s forgiveness, in their wealth was a due share for the beggars and the deprived

Believers will not be left without trial so that Allāh knows who are true and who are liars

Believers, Attributes of Successful: They are humble in their prayers, avoid vain talk, pay Zakāt, guard their private part

Believers, empowered: When they are empowered, they establish regular prayer, give Zakāt and enjoin right and forbid wrong

Believers, Non- : must not be preferred over the believers

Believers, Signs of

Believers: “Hasten [to seek] forgiveness from your Lord, and Paradise, the width whereof is as the width of the heaven and the earth, prepared for those who believe in Allāh and His Messengers: That is the Grace of Allāh, which He bestows on whom He pleases: and Allāh is the Lord-of-Grace-Abounding”

Believers’ attributes entitling them to enter Paradise: They fulfil their wows and fear the Day of Resurrection whose evil will fly far and wide. Despite their own utter need for food, they feed the indigent, the orphan and the captive saying, “We feed you for the sake of Allāh, no reward do we desire from you, no thanks. We fear a day of frowning and distress from the side of our Lord”

Believers’ highest rank: In the sight of Allāh, the highest in rank are the Truthful and the Martyrs: their reward and their Light (on the Day of Judgement) is with Allāh

Believers’ later generations do not have rancour in their hearts for the earlier generations of believers

Believers’ obligations: Allāh knows that some among you will be in ill-health, others will be travelling and yet others will be fighting in Allāh’s cause, so read as much Qur’ān as may be easy for you, establish regular prayer, give Zakāt, extend to Allāh a beautiful loan (see the footnote to this āyah)

Believers’ routine: when you are free from obligatory prayers, still labour hard and to your Lord turn all your attention

Believers’ salutation on the Day of Judgement when they meet Allāh will be “Peace!”

Believers’ traits: they must not treat an orphan with harshness or chide one who asks (begs)

Believers’ wives and children may be their enemies (if they do not follow Allāh’s Commands); with such family members one must be kind and overlook their faults

Believing women: Prophet Muḥammad, commanded by Allāh, received the pledge of loyalty (acceptance of Islām) of women as follows: pledge not to commit shirk, not to steal, not commit adultery, not kill your children, not forge falsehood of attributing someone else’s child to your husbands, and that you will not disobey the Prophet in any just manner

Benjamin=Bin-Yāmīn

Bequest=Wills

Best of Creatures: Believers who do good deeds

Best of humanity: None is better than one who invites people to Allāh, works righteousness and submits to Allāh

Betrayal of trust is prohibited

Bible=Torah

Bin-Yāmīn (Benjamin, brother of Prophet Yūsuf)

Blazing Fire=Hell

Blessed Land, The (Palestine)

Blind and clear-eyed are not equal

Boasters Allāh does not love arrogant boasters, those who are misers and commend gingerliness to people

Bones

Book, The (divine revelation), purpose of

Booty of areas conquered without fighting has to be paid to Allāh (His Cause), to the Prophet and his relations and to orphans, needy and wayfarers in order that wealth may not make a circuit between the wealthy but is distributed among the poor and needy. It is also for poor emigrants (Muhājirs) who were expelled from their homes and properties

Bracelets of gold

Brass, molten

Bread

Breastfeeding, period of: Weaning of an infant takes place at the age of 30 months of a baby

Bribe: Wrongful acquisition or consumption of wealth of other people is prohibited

Brocade

Burden: Allāh places no burden on anyone beyond what he can bear. After a difficulty, Allāh grants relief

Business: Be fair in measure and weight

C

Calamities occur only with the leave of Allāh

Calendar

Calumny: speaking ill of one another behind one’s back is prohibited; it is like eating the flesh of one’s brother

Camphor=Kāfūr.

Captives (prisoners including PoWs) must be fed despite one’s own need

Cavalry

Cave, People of=Aṣḥab al-Kahf.

Character of a Muslim: stare not at others’ wives 15-88. Be gentle to the believers

Chastity: Guarding one’s chastity except with one’s wife is an attribute of the believer

Cheating in trade is not allowed: “Woe to those who defraud in weighing [and measuring], those who, when they have to receive by measure from people, exact full measure, but when they give people by measure or weight, they give them short [weight]. Do they not think that they will be raised up [on the Day of Resurrection]?”

Checks and balances is Allāh’s law to control people

Children of Isrā’īl

Children of Isrā’īl=Banū Isrā’īl; Isrā’īl, Children of

Children

Christ: Christians claim that Christ (Prophet ‘Īsā) is the Son of God

Churches

Cities Overturned

Clear Book: Allāh records all things in a Clear Book

Clear Evidence: The Qur’ān is Clear Evidence

Climate: Disorder on land and seas is caused by Man

Coats of mail

Commercial dealings/contracts must be committed to writing

Companion of the Fish=Dhu’n-Nūn, Prophet (see the footnotes to

Conciliation: No conciliation allowed in a matter of religion

Confederates (armies of Kuffār in various ages, who opposed Allāh’s Messengers)

Confederates, Battle of the=see under Khandaq.

Conquest of Makkah (Ramaḍān, 8 AH/Dec. 629-Jan. 630 CE)

Considered Weak (mustaḍ‘af – a persecuted, helpless Muslim)

Constellations

Contracts must be committed to writing

Covenant of the Children of Israel with God

Creation – the purpose of: The purpose of the Creation of Death and Life is to test Man

Creation and Re-creation by Allāh

Creation of Death and Life: Its purpose is to test Man

Creation, Purpose of: “I have created Jinns and humans, only so that they may worship Me. No sustenance do I require of them, nor do I require that they should feed Me”

Creation, Stages of: It is Allāh who created you from dust, then from a sperm–drop, then from a congealed blood clot; then He does get you out [into the light] as an infant: then He lets you [grow and] reach your age of full strength; then He lets you become old – though of you there are some who die before [reaching old age] – and lets you reach a term appointed; in order that you may understand

Creation: Allāh created every living thing from water

Creation: Allāh created every living thing from water

Creatures of the Universe, all prostrate to Allāh, none are arrogant

Creatures, Best of: believers who do good deeds

Creatures, Worst of: People of the Book and mushrikūn who reject Allāh’s Message

Credit=Loan

Crime: Murder is a major crime

Criterion: The Qur’ān

Crops

Crow who demonstrated to Cain how to bury his slain brother

Cups

Cursed Tree, The=Zaqqūm.

D

Da‘wah: None is better than one who invites people to Allāh and works righteousness and submits to Allāh

Dā’ūd and Sulaymān: both were given Knowledge by Allāh

Dār al-Ḥarb: see the footnote to

Dār al-Islām: see the footnote to

Date-palms

Dates

David=Dā’ūd

Dawn

Day and Night

Day is for prolonged occupation with ordinary duties to earn livelihood

Day of Assembly

Day of Judgement, other names: Day of Assembly

Day of Judgement: dialogue between the arrogant and their weak followers

Day of Lamentation=Day of Judgement

Day of Mutual Calling

Day of Sorting Out=Judgement, Day of

Day of Truth=The Day of Judgement

Daylight

Days Appointed: Day of Slaughter at the end of Haj

Deafening Noise (Al-Ṣākhkah): a name of the Day of Resurrection

Death and Life were created by Allāh to test who is best in his deeds

Deceiver, The

Deed, good is a corollary of Īmān

Deeds: Everyone will be rewarded according to his good or evil deeds

Defence: be prepared for defence

Deluge [Flood] at the time of Prophet Nūḥ

Deprived: the poor who do not beg. There is a due share for such people in the wealth of the believers

Despair: Despair not of the Mercy of Allāh: He forgives all sins (for whoever repents)

Destiny (Qadr)

Destiny of Man: “O you Man! Verily you are ever toiling on, painfully, towards your Lord until you will meet him

Dhu’l-Kifl

Dhu’l-Qarnayan

Dhū’n-Nūn (“Companion of the Fish”)=Yūnus (Jonah).

Dhu’n-Nūn, Prophet (“Companion of the Fish”; Yūnus (Jonah) – see the footnotes to

Dialogue with mushrikūn

Dīnar: see the footnote to

Dirham: see the footnote to

Disbelief is an evil word like an evil tree

Disbelievers were punished and uprooted

Disorder on land and seas is caused by Man

Distribution of wealth: Wealth must not remain in the hands of the wealthy alone; it must be distributed among the poor

Ditch, People of: Woe to the People of the Ditch [of Fire] (see the footnote to

Divine Commands=Allāh’s Commands

Divine laws=Allāh’s laws

Divorce=Talāq

Dog of Aṣḥāb al-Kahf

Doomsday (“The Hour”) is approaching

Dower=Mahr

Drinking liquor

Dual-horned, The=Dhu’l-Qarnayn

Duniyā (world) is a place of trial

E

Earthly life: Whoever wants success in this world only, he will be granted it and he will have no share in the Hereafter

Earths, seven

Economy: Wealth must not remain in the hands of the wealthy alone; it must be distributed among the poor

Education: Read! In the name of your Lord, who created Man out of a congealed blood clot. Read! And your Lord is Most-Gracious, the One who taught by the Pen, taught Man that which he knew not (this is the first āyah revealed to Prophet Muḥammad)

Elephant, People of the: Allāh made their treacherous plan go astray. He sent against them waves of birds striking them with stones of baked clay. So, He made them like the empty straw of which grain has been separated

Elephants

Elijah=Ilyās

Emigrants=Muhājirūn

Emigration=Hijrah

Endurance without taking revenge is better for the believers

Enduring Word left behind by Prophet Ibrāhīm – see the footnote to

Enemies: Allāh can establish friendship between believers and their enemies, for Allāh has all powers

Enoch=Idrīs, Prophet

Enquiry: If a transgressor comes up with a report, believers must ascertain its truth and must not start propagating it – it may later result in shame and remorse for circulating a lie

Environment: Disorder on land and seas is caused by Man

Envy

Epidemic, behavior during: see the footnote to

Equality of man and women

Espionage: spying on one another is prohibited

Ethics: Do not follow what you do not know

Ethics=Morals

Etiquette during meetings: At the time of discussing important issues, one should leave the meeting only after seeking permission

Etiquette: always say ‘Inshā’ Allāh’ (If Allāh wills) when intending to do something

Etiquette=Morals

Eve=Ḥawwā’ (wife of Prophet Ādam).

Even and Odd: Allāh has created pairs in everything

Event Inevitable=Resurrection, Day of; Doomsday.

Event, Great=Resurrection, Day of

Evil habits: Envy

Evil must be repelled by what is better and the result will be that an “enemy” will become an intimate friend

Evils: Magic/Sorcery

Extravagance (wastefulness)

F

Fairness in trade=Trade

Faith, Upright (al-Dīn al-Qayyim): to believe in One God, fear Allāh, establish regular prayer and shun shirk

Faith: Islām is to follow the right Way of Religion and not to follow the whims of those who know not

Faithfuls: Allāh has purchased their persons and their wealth

Fājir (sinner), pl. fajarah/fujjār

Falsehood always fails in front the Truth

Falsehood: Bāṭil.

Family members: Believers’ wives and children may be their enemies (if they do not follow Allāh’s Commands) so beware of them. With such family members one must be kind and overlook their faults

Family: heads of families are responsible to save themselves and their families from the Fire of Hell

Farthest Mosque=the Aqṣā Mosque (in Al-Quds/Jerusalem, Palestine).

Fāsiq: see the footnote to

Fasting

Fate (Destiny): rise and fall of people and communities is determined by Allāh

Father of Flame=Abū Lahab (Prophet Muḥammad’s uncle and his arch enemy – see the footnote to

Fear of Allāh=Taqwā

Feeding: Feeding the hungry, the orphan and indigent is a test of Man’s gratitude to Allāh

Female and Male, creation of: are Signs of Allāh

Figs

Fīl, Aṣḥāb al- =Elephant, People of the

Fire

Firmament

Firmest hand-hold: whoever submits to Allāh and does good deeds has grasped “the Firmest Hand-hold”

Fish of Prophet Mūsa which sneaked back into sea

Fisq: transgression

Flood of Prophet Nūḥ: When the water overflowed beyond limits, We carried you in the floating Ark, that We might make it a reminder unto you and that ears that would hear the story would bear its lessons in remembrance

Flood sent to the people of the Pharaoh

Flood, The Great

Flood=Deluge

Folded-in-the-Blanket, The=Prophet Muḥammad

Food disallowed to Jews

Food, ḥarām

Forbidden Months

Forces, The (Allāh’s enemies in various ages)

Foremost-in-the-Faith

Forgiveness is a required virtue

Forgiveness=Allāh’s attributes

Forgiveness=Tawbah

Fornication: Believers do not commit adultery

Friday prayer: Believers, when the call of the Friday prayer is proclaimed, hasten earnestly to remember Allāh, and leave off business – that’s best for you. And when the prayer is finished, disperse through the land and seek the Bounty of Allāh

Friends: Believers are free to do favour to their close friends

Friendship: Allāh does not forbid the believers to deal kindly and justly with those who do not fight the believers in the matter of their Faith and do not expel them from their abodes

Frogs

Fruits are a Sign of Allāh

Fruits mentioned in the Qur’ān: Figs and Olives

Future, Knowledge of: The Prophet did not know what will be done [by Allāh] to him or to others. He followed only what was revealed to him

G

Gambling is great sin

Gardens of Delight=Paradise.

Gardens of Eternity=

Garments

Gender: No difference between man and woman, male and female in reward by Allāh

Ghayb =Unseen

Ghislīn: pus from washing of wounds; it will the food of the people of Hell

Ghusl =Bath to remove impurity.

Ginger=Zanjabīl

Goblets

God=Allāh

God-fearing believers are those who bring the Truth and those who believe in it

Gog and Magog=Yājūj and Mājūj

Goliath=Jālūt

Gomorrah

Good deeds required of Believers: to free slaves, feed the hungry, orphans and the indigent; believe in Allāh and exhort others to endure patiently and do acts of mercy. These are (traits of) the People of the Right Hand

Goodness and Evil are not equal. An evil must be repelled by what is better and the result will be that an “enemy” will become an intimate friend

Goodwill for all: Believers should forgive the unbelievers and the Rejecters

Gospel=Injīl.

Grapes and other fruits

Grateful people are rewarded by Allāh

Gratefulness to Allāh for His favours

Gratitude [to Allāh] is One of the traits of the believers

Graves

Great Event= Resurrection, Day of

Great News=Day of Resurrection

Great Sign=Miracle given to Prophet Mūsa

Great Success is attained by obeying Allāh and His Prophet and thereby believers deserve His forgiveness

Great Tumult: Day of Resurrection

Greed: Success is to be saved from one’s avarice

Greed=Miserliness

Greeting: return greeting with a more courteous one

Greeting=Salām

Guardian=Walī (pl. Awliyā’). Guardians of the believers are Allāh, His Prophet and the believers

Guidance and misguidance are in the hands of Allāh

Guidance, Divine: Allāh has sent a Messenger who recites the Clear Signs of Allāh that He may lead forth from depth of Darkness into Light those who believe and do righteous deeds

H

Habitations on earth

Habits, Evil: backbiting, slanderer, piling up wealth and keep counting it thinking that one’s wealth would make him immortal

Hāmān, vizier of the Pharaoh

Heights, The=A‘rāf, Al-

Hell, names of: Jahannam

Helpers (Anṣār) at Madīnah: they entertained no desire in their hearts for things given to emigrants from Makkah, even though destitution was their lot

Helplessness of Man before Allāh: Man is helpless in front of Allāh; He can make day and night perpetual and none will be able to change it

Herbs, creeping

Hijrah (migration): Hijrah of/by the Considered Weak (q.v.)

Hindus are like “People of the Book” – see the footnote to

History and ruins have lessons for Man about the fate of the earlier generations who associated others as gods with Allāh

Holy Land (Palestine)

Holy Spirit=Rūḥ al-Quds

Home of Misery=Hell

Homosexuality practiced by the People of Prophet Lūṭ

Honey is Sign of Allāh, therein is healing for people

Hoopoe

Hour, The=Doomsday, Day of Resurrection

Houses where Allāh is celebrated and glorified are illuminated by His light

Hūd, Prophet

Human Equality: All people are equal – they were created from a single pair of male and female. Allāh made people into nations and tribes so that they may know (recognise) each other, not to despise each other. The most honoured in the sight of Allāh are the most fearful of Him

Human Equality: Allāh created people as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other

Human helplessness: They are helpless even in front of a fly

Human life: Allāh grants long life to some until they are reversed in terms of intelligence and health

Human limitations: You cannot frustrate Allāh through the earth and you have no guardian or helper besides Allāh

Human Nature, deficiencies, evils of: (It is evil) not to honour the orphan, fail to encourage one another to feed the poor, devour inheritance in greed, love wealth inordinately

Human Nature=Nature, Human

Humanity was created as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other

Humanity’s knowledge is limited: no human knows what he will earn next day and where he will die

Hypocrisy: Woe to the worshippers who are forgetful of their Prayers; who make a show of their deeds; who refuse to share even small articles of need with their neighbours

Hypocrite=Munāfiq

I

Ibrāhīm and Makkah: The Sacred Mosque in Makkah was assigned to him to sanctify it and prepare it for prayer

Ibrāhīm, People of

Ibrāhīm, Prophet: gave the name of “Muslim” (Submitter to Allāh) to the believers

Ibrāhīm, Station of: See the footnote to

Ibrāhīm, the Way of

Idolatry=Shirk

Idrīs (Enoch), Prophet

Ifk (slander, esp. against the Mother of the Faithful Sayyidah ‘Āisha)

Ignorance is to worship others than Allāh

Impurity, State of

Ilyāsīn, Prophet: see the footnote to

Indigent: Not encouraging others to feed the indigent is an evil habit

Infant, Weaning of: at the age of 30 months of a baby

Infanticide (burying alive of newborn females)

Infāq (spending in the way of Allāh)

Infighting: If two parties from among the believers fall into a fight, make peace between them, and fight against the one that transgresses until it returns to the command of Allāh, and if it returns, make peace between them with justice, for Allāh loves those who are equitable

Ingratitude of Man: By no means has Man fulfilled what Allāh commanded him despite all the favours done to him

Inheritance

Inheritance=Mīrāth, Kalālah, Turāth.

Injīl (Gospel)

Injustice is not an attribute of Allāh

Ink of all the oceans is not enough to write the words of Allāh

Inscription, People of The=Aṣḥāb al-Raqīm

Intention to do something: a believer must always say ‘Inshā’ Allāh’ (If Allāh wills) when intending to do something

Intercession (Shafā‘ah) on the Day of Judgement

Interfaith dialogue: debate with the People of the Book in the best way

International Relations: abrogate treaty if treachery is feared (no war while treaty stands between Muslims and another country or community)

Interpolation of months (Nasī’) is not allowed

Iram, described in the Qur’ān as “Iram of the Pillars” [People of Prophet Hūd]: see the footnote to

Iron: Allāh sent down iron in which there are many benefits for humanity

Irtidād=Apostasy

Isaac=Isḥāq, Prophet

ISIS destroyed the tomb of Prophet Yūnus – see the footnote to

Islām (submission to Allāh)

Islām is a Universal Message: “Verily, this [Qur’ān] is nothing but a Message to [all] the worlds”

Islām is Allāh’s Light

Islām is submission to Allāh

Islām, the Message: a gist

Islāmic morals: Allāh enjoined Man to be kind to his parents; but he must not obey them if they force him to associate other gods with Allāh

Isrā’: The Prophet’s nightly journey to the Aqṣa Mosque in al-Quds/Jerusalem

Isrā’īl [Prophet Ya‘qūb]

Isrā’īl, Children of=Children of Isrā’īl/Banū Isrā’īl.

Ithm: Sin

J

Jacob=Ya‘qūb, Prophet

Jahannam: another name of Hell. Abode of the Rejecters and the disbelievers in Allāh’s Signs

Jālūt (Goliath): see the footnote to

Jannah=Paradise

Jerusalem=Aqṣā Mosque

Jesus, Jesus Christ=‘Īsā, Prophet

Jethro=Shu‘ayb, Prophet

Jewish insinuation about Allāh

Jews=Isrā’īl, Children of

Jibril, Archangel

Jibt

Jizyah

Job=Ayyūb, Prophet

John=Yaḥya, Prophet

Jonah=Yūnus, Prophet

Joseph=Yūsuf, Prophet

Jūdī, Mountain

Junction of the Two Seas

K

Ka‘bah, names of: The Ancient House

Ka‘bah

Kabā’ir=Major Sins – see the Appendix D.

Kaffārah (expiation): Swearing of oaths for something unlawful or wrong must be expiated

Kāfir (pl. Kuffār): logic of unbelievers

Kāfūr

Kalālah

Kawthar, Al- (The Abundant): a river or water tank in Paradise

Khamṭ

Khandaq, Ghazwah al-

Kḥiḍr, Al-: “Servant of Allāh” [said to be the eternal Khiḍr]

Khums=Zakāt, tax on Booty.

Killings: Believers do not slay life made sacred by Allāh

Kings destroy towns and despoil them and turn the noblest into the meanest

Knocker, The=Day of Resurrection

Knowledge is necessary to debate about Allāh

Knowledgeable people fear Allāh

Korah=Qārūn (an Israelite during the time of Prophet Mūsa)

Kuffār and Believers: Muslims and sinners will not be treated equally by Allāh

Kuffār of the People of the Book and mushrikūn: there place is the Hell Fire wherein they will dwell forever. They are the worst of creatures

Kuffār, attributes of: They break promises, disregard relationships, make mischief

Kuffār, Friendship with: Allāh does not forbid the believers to deal kindly and justly with those who do not fight the believers in the matter of their Faith and do not expel them from their abodes

Kuffār’s Evil Habits: backbiting, slander, piling up wealth and keep counting it thinking that one’s wealth would make him immortal

Kuffār’s Rejection of the Truth hurts them alone, and adds to the contempt for the Rejecters in the sight of Allāh and adds to their own loss

Kuffār’s Traits: they do not give in charity. On the contrary, they disbelieve the Truth, turn away and strut back to their families in full conceit. Woe to such a person! Does Man think that he will not be held accountable for his deeds and misdeeds? Does he not know that he was a helpless drop of sperm which was emitted? Then he became a congealed blood clot, then Allāh made and fashioned him in due proportion, and of him, He made two pairs, male and female. Does He [Allāh] not have the same power to give life to the dead?

Kuffār’s wonderment that a human is made a Messenger of God

Kufr is to walk stooped falling on face while Īmān is to walk evenly on a Straight Path

L

Labour, attributes of a good labourer: he should be strong and trustworthy

Lame: no issue if a lame person eats with you (abhorred by pre-Islām Arabs)

Language: Prophets bring their Message in the language of their people

Law of Equality=Qiṣāṣ

Law of Life: (Do not despair) with every difficulty, there is relief; with every difficulty, there is relief

Lawful and unlawful are not equal

Lawful food=Food

Lawḥ Maḥfūẓ=Tablet Secure

Laws of Allāh are unchangeable

Laws, Divine=Allāh’s laws

Laylatu’l-Qadr= Night of Destiny

Lead, molten, used by Dhu’l-Qarnayn to build a barrier

Learned people fear Allāh

Legacy=Wills

Lewd deeds, prohibited

Lewdness=Sin

Lice

Lie: telling lies is unlawful (ḥarām)

Life after death is truth

Life and death are in the hands of Allāh

Life on earth is nothing but amusement and play while the life of the Hereafter is everlasting

Life, Law of: (Do not despair) with every difficulty, there is relief; with every difficulty, there is relief

Life: murder, unlawful except by justice

Lion

Liquor (alcohol) is great sin, consumption of

Loan, Beautiful

Loan, commit it to writing

Locusts

Lot=Lūṭ, Prophet

Lote-tree

Luqmān: Allāh gave Luqmān (see the footnote to

Lūṭ, Brethren of Prophet

Lūṭ, Wife of Prophet: despite being the wife of a Prophet of Allāh, nothing saved her when she disobeyed Him

Luxuries of life: not unlawful if acquired justly and legally

M

Ma‘rib: see the footnote to

Ma‘rūf, amr bi’-l (enjoining good) is a duty of the believer

Madīnah (Yathrib)

Madyan (Midian), the town of Prophet Shu‘ayb

Magians=Majūs

Magic (during Pharaoh’s time)

Magician: Prophet Mūsa was called a magician

Mahr (Dower paid to wife)

Major Sins

Major Sins=Sins, Major

Majūs

Makkah, Names of: Bakkah

Makkah: see also: Quraysh.

Makkah=Mushrikūn of Makkah

Male and female, creation of, are Signs of Allāh

Man cannot frustrate Allāh on the earth or in the heavens

Man, Destiny of: “O You Man! Verily, you are ever toiling on, painfully, towards your Lord until you will meet Him

Man, nature of: ingratitude, pride

Man’s powerlessness in front of Allāh: “Do you feel secure that He who is in the Heaven will not cause you to be swallowed up by the earth when it shakes [and moves as in an earthquake]? Or do you feel secure that He who is in the Heaven will not send against you a [violent] wind bearing pebbles, so that you shall know how [terrible] was My warning?”

Mankind, Creation of

Mann, al- =Manna

Marital discord, arbitration

Mariyam (Mary), mother of Prophet ‘Īsa

Marriage=Nikāḥ

Martyrs are alive

Mary=Mariyam

Measure: “Woe to those who defraud in weighing [and measuring], those who, when they have to receive by measure from people, exact full measure, but when they give people by measure or weight, they give them short [weight]. Do they not think that they will be raised up?”

Mecca=Makkah

Menstrual course

Mentally-weak, treatment of

Mercy (Raḥmah) is the rule for Allāh’s treatment of His servants

Message of Allāh was sent to all nations

Messenger and Prophet: for an explanation, see the footnote to

Messenger of Allāh is sent to guide people from the depths of Darkness into Light

Messengers of Allāh’s mission is to warn about the Day of Judgement

Migration: Spacious is Allāh’s earth (migrate if living in a place is made difficult for you)

Minor sins

Minorities, Muslim: allowed to work under non-Muslim rulers: Prophet Yūsuf asked the king of Egypt to appoint him as the store-keeper (minister of supplies) of the land

Miracles given to Prophet Mūsa

Miracles of Prophet Muḥammad: splitting of the Moon

Miracles of the Qur’ān

Mīrath Kalālah

Mischief-makers, punishment for

Misguidance: people who spend their money and time to mislead people will be subjected to humiliating punishment

Mīzān=Balance.

Mocking others is prohibited

Monasteries

Monasticism was not prescribed for the followers of Prophet ‘Īsa, they invented it, yet did not observe it properly

Monks, Christian

Monotheism=Tawḥīd

Moon, Miracle of splitting of

Morals, Islāmic: Man is enjoined by Allāh to treat his parents kindly but one should not obey them if they order him to disobey Allāh’s commands

Morning Light

Moses=Mūsa, Prophet

Mosques belong to Allāh

Mosquito

Mother of the Book

Mother of the Towns (Makkah)

Mother: Man is enjoined by Allāh to be kind to his parents, especially to his mother who bore him in pain, and in pain did she give him birth

Mothers of Believers (the Prophet’s wives)

Moths

Mount Sinai

Mountain (Ṭūr)

Mu’min (pl. Mu’minūn): see Faithfuls

Mubāhalah

Muhājirūn (emigrants from Makkah)

Muḥammad, Prophet is not immortal: He was destined to die (he was not eternal)

Muḥammad, Prophet, rules of etiquette in dealing with: Believers should not put themselves forward before the Prophet. They should not raise their voices over his voice. They should not speak with him loudly as they speak with one another. They should lower their voices in his presence

Muḥammad, Prophet: Prophet ‘Īsa’s prophecy that a Prophet called “Aḥmad” will come after him

Muḥammad, Prophet: women he was allowed to marry

Muḥammad, the Prophet ordered to go out and preach: O You, the Wrapped-up-in-a-Blanket, arise and warn people; magnify your Lord and keep your garments clean

Muḥammad, the Prophet was sent to all Mankind as a giver of good tidings and a warner

Muḥammad, the Prophet’s expulsion from Makkah

Muḥammad, the Prophet’s Message is the same as the Message in previous Scriptures revealed to Ibrāhīm and Mūsa

Muḥammad, the Prophet’s wives were told that if they prefer the glitter of this life, they are given the choice to be divorced and sent off with honour by the Prophet (when some of them demanded higher allowances)

Mules

Munāfiq (hypocrite) (pl.: Munāfiqūn)

Munāfiqūn=Hypocrites

Munkar (q.v.)

Munkar, Nahy ‘an al- (Forbidding what is wrong)

Murder, murder of one innocent person is equal to murdering whole Mankind (“if anyone killed a person, unless it be [in retaliation] for murder or for spreading mischief in the land, it would be as if he slew the whole Mankind: And if anyone saved one life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole Mankind”)

Mūsa, Prophet, Miracles of

Mūsa, Prophet, was given the Criterion

Mūsa’s dialogue with his young attendant, Prophet

Mushrikūn and kuffār of the People of the Book’s place is the Hell Fire wherein they will dwell forever. They are the worst of creatures

Mushrikūn of Makkah: They did not receive an earlier Scripture nor a warner was sent to them before Prophet Muḥammad

Mushrikūn, refuge to, relations with: if a mushrik seeks refuge, he must be given it to enable him to listen to Allāh’s Message, then he must be given safe passage to wherever he wants to go

Musk

Muslim (one who submits to Allāh): Die not but as a Muslim

Muslim minorities: See under Wilāyah.

Muslim morals

Muslims and sinners will not be treated equally by Allāh

Muslims are a Single Ummah

Muslims’ later generations: “And those who came after them say: “Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who came before us into the Faith, and leave not, in our hearts, rancour against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed Most-Compassionate, Most-Merciful”

Muslimūn (pl. of Muslim): who submit to Allāh and believe in His Signs

Mutual Overreaching, Day of

N

Nakhlah: a place near Ṭā’if where the Festival of ‘Ukāz was held during Jāhilīyyah – see the footnote to

Names, Allāh’s Beautiful

Naskh (Abrogation)

Nasr (an idol)

Nations and communities: their rise and fall is determined by Allāh

Nations and tribes: people have been created by Allāh as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other

Needy=Poor; Indigent; Charity.

Neighbour’s rights

New Testament

Niches

Nicknames – calling nicknames of one another is prohibited

Night and Day: Allāh does determine Day and Night in due measure

Night of Destiny: Qur’ān was revealed in the Night of Destiny (see the footnote to

Nightly journey to the Aqṣā Mosque=Isrā’.

Nikāḥ=Marriage – see also Ṭalāq

Noah: see Nūḥ, Flood – see the footnote to

Noah=Nūḥ, Prophet

Non-Muslims, Relationship with

Nūḥ, People of Prophet

Nūḥ, wife of: despite being the wife of a Prophet of Allāh, nothing saved her when she disobeyed Him

Nūḥ: his Message of Tawḥīd

Nūḥ’s Ark

Nūḥ’s Ark=Ark of Nūḥ

Nūḥ’s Flood: When the water overflowed beyond limits, We carried you in the floating Ark, that We might make it a reminder unto you and that ears that would hear that story would bear its lessons in remembrance

Nūḥ’s people disbelieved the Messengers; were drowned and made a Sign for Mankind

O

Oaths/Swearing must not be used to deceive people

Odd and Even: Allāh has created pairs in everything

Orchards: grown by Allāh for Man

Ornaments

Others’ rights, violation of, prohibited

Overflowing House (in the heaven)

Overshadowing Clouds, The Day of

Overthrown Towns, The

Overwhelming Event=Day of Resurrection

P

Palestine and Arabia: there were continuous habitations between these two lands but people wronged themselves by asking Allāh to place larger distances between their journey stages. Such people were dispersed

Palm-tree

Parable=Simile.

Parables: Qur’ān contains all kinds of parables

Paradise, other names of: Gardens of Eternity

Party of Allāh: “Allāh will admit such believers into Paradise, beneath which rivers flow, to dwell therein forever. Allāh is well-pleased with them and they are well-pleased with Allāh. They are the Party of Allāh and, truly, the Party of Allāh attains final success”

Pathways of Ascent: Allāh is the Lord of the Pathways of Ascent [leading to and from the Heavens]

Peace (in Islām)

Pearls, scattered

People of Paradise are the Believers who will live in Paradise forever

People of the Book (Jews and Christians)

People of the Book (Jews at Madīnah)

People of the Book and mushrikūn: Kuffār from the People of Book and the polytheists were not going to depart from their ways until there should come to them Clear Evidence (Qur’ān – see the footnote to

People of the Elephant: see

People of the Left Hand

People of the Right Hand

People wrong themselves, Allāh does not wrong people

Persecution in religion: Spacious is Allāh’s earth (migrate if living in a place is made difficult for you)

Pharaoh, Wife of: was saved because she believed in Allāh and disassociated herself from her misguided husband

Piety=Taqwā

Planets

Pledge of Good Pleasure: see the footnotes to

Pledge of loyalty of believing women: Prophet Muḥammad was commanded by Allāh to receive the pledge of loyalty (Islām) of women as follows: pledge not to commit shirk, not to steal, not commit adultery, not kill their children, not forge falsehood of attributing someone else’s child to their husbands, and that they will not disobey the Prophet in any just manner

Pledge: Fulfill pledges

Poets: The misguided follow them; poets wander in distraction and say what they practice not, except the poets who believe, do good deeds and engage in the remembrance of Allāh

Polemics: This is Allāh’s creation, show what others have created?

Polygamy

Polytheism=Shirk.

Polytheists worship things for which no authority was sent down

Pomegranates

Poor believers are better than influential Rejecters: The Prophet was reprimanded by Allāh for disregarding a blind person who came to him seeking guidance (see the footnote to

Poor=Indigent

Pots

Pottery

PoWs must be fed despite one’s own need

Prayer for delivering a speech

Prayer to Allāh: “Say: I seek refuge with the Lord-of-the-Dawn, from the evil of what He created; from the evil of dark [night] as it overspreads; from the evil of those [women] who blow on knots; and from the evil of the envious one as he practices envy”

Prayer= Ṣalāt

Preaching must be with wisdom

Previous nations: advice to travel to various places on the earth to see how earlier nations perished

Pride (undue) is detested by Allāh

Priests, Christian

Prisoners must be fed despite one’s own need

Prohibitions: telling lies

Prophecies, Qur’ānic: Prophet Muḥammad will not be father of a male child

Prophecy of Prophet ‘Īsa that Aḥmad [another name of Prophet Muḥammad] will come after him

Prophets (Messengers of Allāh to the humanity) are always human beings (not angels)

Prophet Muḥammad was not immortal: He will die like others will

Prophet Muḥammad’s Message is for all the worlds

Prophet: Even the Prophet will be punished on the Day of Judgement if he disobeyed Allāh

Prophet: Mushrikūn claimed that the Prophet has either forged a lie against Allāh or is afflicted with madness

Protection=Wilāyah

Psalms=Zabūr

Punishment (Divine) as a rule followed only after Warners (Prophets) were disbelieved by their people

Punishment (revenge) should be commensurate with the crime or injury but to patiently endure an insult and injury and forgive is best for the believers

Punishment of the Lord will come to pass, no one can avert it

Punishment, painful, in the Hereafter for the disbelievers

Punishment: Kuffār asked the Prophet to hasten their punishment but Allāh has appointed a time for each thing and it will not happen before the term appointed by Allāh

Punishment: people invited to travel across the earth to see the fate of the disbelievers

Punishment: Time for obeying Allāh’s commands and turning in repentance and submitting to Him is before the Punishment arrives (during one’s life on earth)

Punishment: when it arrives, it will not be mitigated

Q

Qaḍf =slander

Qārūn disbelieved Prophet Mūsa and was destroyed

Qaṣr: see Ṣalāt (prayer)

Qinṭār: see the footnote to

Qiṣāṣ, Law of Equality, just retaliation

Qiyāmah, Yawm al-=Resurrection, Day of.

Questions: asking too much questions is discouraged

Qur’ān - a group of Jinns listened to the Prophet’s recital of the Qur’ān

Qur’ān – Allāh’s testimony: Allāh swore by the settings of the stars that the Qur’ān, Most-Honourable, is preserved in a Book well-guarded which none but the pure touch. It is a revelation from the Lord of the Worlds

Qur’ān – no compulsion to accept it: the Qur’ān is recited by the Prophet; it is left to everyone to accept or reject guidance

Qur’ān – treatment by later Muslims: The Prophet will tell Allāh on the Day of Judgement that his people deserted the Qur’ān

Qur’ān – treatment by the Quraysh of Makkah and People of the Book at the time: Kuffār (of Quraysh) said to each other, “Listen not to this Qur’ān! Instead, make [meaningless] noise, so that you might gain the upper hand”

Qur’ān and earlier Scriptures: It described to the Children of Isrā’īl (Jews) most of the matters they disagreed about

Qur’ān is a weighty responsibility: If it was revealed to a mountain it would have been humbled and cleaved asunder for fear of Allāh

Qur’ān is immortal: Allāh has taken it upon Himself to collect the revelation and to recite it and to explain it

Qur’ān is immutable: (challenge to humanity) replicate even one Sūrah (chapter) like it

Qur’ān is in Arabic and it confirms the earlier revelation to Prophet Mūsa. Its purpose is to warn the wrongdoers and to give good tidings to those who do good deeds

Qur’ān was revealed in stages over 23 years: “It is We who have sent down the Qur’ān to you [O Prophet] by stages. Therefore, endure patiently the Command of your Lord and obey not the sinners or the ungrateful among them; and celebrate the name of your Lord morning and evening and part of the night, prostrate yourself to Him, and glorify Him a long night through

Qur’ān, Abbreviated Letters: see the footnote to

Qur’ān, names of: Clear Evidence

Qur’ān: Naskh (q.v.)

Qur’ān’s contents: it contains “seven oft-repeated” verses

Qur’ān’s recital: when reading it, seek protection from the Shayṭān, the accursed

Qur’ānic Miracles: The body of the Pharaoh is saved for eternity as a lesson and warning for humanity (discovered intact in the 20th century)

Qur’ānic Prayers: [Prophet Ibrāhīm’s prayer to Allāh:] “O My Lord! Bestow wisdom on me, and join me with the righteous, and grant me honourable mention on the tongue of truth among the later [generations], and make me one of the inheritors of the Paradise of Bliss, and forgive my father, for he is among the misguided, and let me not be disgraced on the Day when [people] will be raised up, the Day whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, except one who brings to Allāh a blame–free [pure] heart.”

Qur’ānic Prophecies=Prophecies, Qur’ānic

Qur’ānic similes: all kinds of similes are explained in the Qur’ān

Qur’ānic stories: A certain “People of the Orchard” (see the footnote to

Quraysh said that after their death, they will not be raised up again; they asked the Prophet to bring back their dead forefathers. Are people of Quraysh better than the sinful people of Tubba‘ (see the footnote to

Quraysh/Arabs: no warner [Messenger of Allāh] was sent to them before Prophet Muḥammad

Quraysh: Their punishment in the Hereafter will be even more humiliating [than ‘Ād and the Thamūd]

R

Rabb, Al– (The Sustainer): see the footnote to

Rabbis

Racism has no place in Islām: Humanity was created as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other

Rahbānīyyah=Monasticism

Raḥīm, Al– : see footnote to

Raḥmān, Al– : see footnote to

Rain: Allāh sent down rain in due measure. He can also drain it off

Ramaḍān: Fasting during this month is obligatory

Rass, Aṣḥāb al–=Well, People of the; Rass, People of the

Rass, People of the

Reading: Read! In the name of your Lord, who created Man out of a congealed blood clot. Read! And your Lord is Most–Gracious, the One who taught by the Pen, taught Man that which he knew not (this is the first āyah revealed to Prophet Muḥammad)

Recompense (thawāb): Allāh will pay full recompense for deeds

Register, Divine: Everything is safely recorded in a Register with Allāh

Rejecters of faith=Kuffār

Rejecters of Makkah (Quraysh) should know that Allāh destroyed many earlier generations for their sins though they were mightier than these Rejecters (Quraysh). So wander through the land to see that there is no place of escape from Allāh

Relations with non–believers: Allāh does not forbid the believers to deal kindly and justly with those who do not fight the believers in the matter of their Faith and do not expel them from their abodes

Religion common to all Prophets: to worship Allāh in sincere devotion, be upright in faith, establish regular prayer and pay Zakāt

Religion, dissension and division prohibited in the matter of

Religion, Freedom of: Allāh did not want to force people to follow one faith

Religion, No difficulty in the matter of: Allāh did not impose difficulties on Muslims

Religion, non–Muslims: see also: Faith, Upright.

Religion, Straight [shared by all Messengers of Allāh]: People of the Book were Commanded no more than to worship Allāh in sincere devotion, be upright in faith, establish regular prayer and pay Zakāt and that is the Religion Straight

Religion: Allāh established for us one religion – the same that was enjoined on Prophets Nūḥ, Ibrāhīm, Mūsa and ‘Īsā and on Prophet Muḥammad, namely to establish religion, not differ about it

Religiosity, pride in: No one should boast about his religiosity and inform Allāh about it because Allāh knows all that is in the Universe

Religious differences between followers of various religions will be settled by Allāh on the Day of Resurrection

Religious freedom: It’s not Allāh’s scheme to force people to adhere to one religion

Remembrance of Allāh: wealth and children must not divert one from remembrance of Allāh

Repentance is always accepted by Allāh (before one’s Death)

Repentance=Tawbah

Requital must be equal to hurt, injury, deed or misdeed

Respite available to Man is only during his life-time in this world before a Day comes which could not be put back. When that Day comes there will be no refuge and there will be no room for denial of one’s sins

Responsibility – no one is responsible except for what he is able to do

Responsibility=Accountability.

Resurrection is fast approaching, The Day of

Resurrection of the dead is like Man’s first creation

Resurrection, Day of

Resurrection, Names of the Day of: “The Hour”

Resurrection, Reason for Rejecters’ denial of the Day of: Man denies the Day of Judgement so that he may continue committing wrongs in what is left of his life. And he questions: “When is the Day of Resurrection?”

Resurrection, Timing of the Day of: its knowledge is with Allāh alone

Retaliation (for an injury or murder)=Qiṣāṣ

Revelation confirms previous Messages: Before the Qur’ān, Allāh revealed a Scripture to Prophet Mūsa as guide and mercy. This book [Qur’ān] in Arabic confirms the earlier one. Its purpose is to warn the wrongdoers and give good tidings to those who do good deeds

Revelation, Purpose of: so that people stand forth in justice, and so that Allāh may test humanity to see who stands with Him unseen

Revelation, Source of: (The Qur’ān) is revealed by Him who knows the secrets of the universe

Revenge=Qiṣāṣ.

Reward, Great is for those who believe and do good deeds

Reward for believers: Who believe and do good deeds shall have a reward complete and limitless

Ribbī (devoted to God)

Riddah=Apostasy

Right Faith, The: (al–Dīn al–Qayyim)

Right Hand, People of the

Right Hand/Left Hand: See the footnote to

Righteousness: doers of righteous deeds will get pure life and rewards to the best of their actions

Rijz (calamity): see the footnote to

Rites of Allāh

Rizq=Sustenance

Rocky Tract, People of The=Ḥijr, Aṣḥāb al–

Rod of Mūsa

Romans (Byzantines): Qur’ān’s prophecy that the Romans will soon defeat their enemies [the Persians] – see the footnotes to

Rūḥ al–Quds, al–

Rūḥ: Revelation, The Qur’ān or the divine Message – see the footnote to

Rūḥ=Spirit

Ruins and history have lessons for Man about the fate of the earlier generations who associated others as gods with Allāh

Rukhṣah: see the footnote to

Rule/judge only according to Allāh’s commands

Rule=Authority

Rulers, Rules for: If in authority, you cannot make mischief in the land nor break ties with kith and kin. Those who do it are cursed by Allāh who makes them deaf and blind. Do they not ponder over the Qur’ān or are there locks on their hearts?

S

Saba’, Kingdom of

Sabbath made sacred only for Jews

Sabians

Sacred House=Ka‘bah

Sacred Mosque in Makkah, The

Sacrifice during Ḥaj

Sacrificial animals (sacrificed at the completion of the Ḥaj rites)

Sakīnah=Tranquility

Salām: return greeting with a more courteous one

Salsabīl: a spring in Paradise

Salvation in the Hereafter, the basic requirements: “Those who believe [in the Qur’ān], and those who follow the Jewish [Scriptures], and the Christians and the Sabians, [and] any who believed in Allāh and the Hereafter, and worked righteous deeds, shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve”

Salwa=Quail

Sāmirī, The: an Isrā’ilite who forged a calf in the absence of Prophet Mūsa

Saqar=Hell

Satan=Iblīs, Shayṭān

Satisfied Soul: a Believer who receives Allāh’s acceptance and pleasure on the Day of Judgement

Scaremongering, prohibition of

Scientific indications: Skin feels pain

Scriptures

Sects (Aḥzāb)

Self–defence is permissible: If one defends himself after a wrong has been inflicted on him, there is no cause of blame against such a person

Self-Defence (Believers’ traits): If oppression is inflicted on them, they defend themselves

Self–glorification: Claim not to be pure, pious and guiltless – only Allāh knows who is pure and pious

Serpent=Snake

Seven Oft–Repeated Āyahs: see under Qur’ān; Introduction.

Sexual relations: Believers have sexual relations only with their wives

Shades, created by Allāh for people to rest

Shafā‘ah=Intercession.

Sharī’ah of Prophet Muḥammad alone is to be followed now

Shayṭān, Party of

Shayṭān: see also Iblīs.

Sheba=Saba’

She-camel of Prophet Ṣāliḥ

She-camels: Baḥīrah, Sā’ibah, Waṣīlah, Ḥām

Shouting: Allāh does not like shouting except by a wronged person

Shu‘ayb (Jethro), Prophet

Shūra (mutual consultation)

Sick: no problem if a sick person eats with you

Signs given to Prophet Mūsa [rod, frog, blood etc]

Sijjīn: a place where the records of the Wicked and sinners are kept

Silver

Sin (Ithm): There must be no cooperation in sin

Sinai, Mount

Sinful and believers will not be treated equally by Allāh

Sinful=Sinners

Sinners (mujrimūn): who cheat in weight and measurement: don’t they know that they will be raised up on a Mighty Day, when all humanity shall stand before the Lord–of–the–Worlds?

Sinners and Muslims will not be treated equally by Allāh

Sins, Major (like shirk, murder, adultery)

Sins: Kuffār’s justification of sin

Sirius (star)

Six Days: see the footnote to

Skins of animals

Slander (qaḍf): accusing a chaste Muslim woman of adultery is a serious crime – the accuser has to provide four witnesses to support his claim; if he fails, he will be flogged with eighty stripes and his evidence as a witness will be rejected forever (see ‘adl in Appendix D)

Slavery: Freeing slaves is a great virtue – it is a test of Man’s gratitude to Allāh

Sleep is a quasi–death situation after which Allāh revives us

Social duties of believers: believers enjoin the right and forbid the wrong

Social rules: [Believing] men and women must not laugh at others, they may be better than you. Do not upbraid one another. Do not revile one another by using offensive nicknames. Ill–seeming is use of words connoting wickedness for others. Those who do not repent after doing this are wrongdoers

Sodom and Gomorrah

Solidarity: Believers are required to have Faith, do righteous deeds and exhort each other to adhere to Truth and endure patiently

Solomon=Sulaymān, Prophet-King

Son of Mariyam=‘Īsā (Jesus)

Sorting–Out, Day of=Judgement, Day of

Soul, Self–reproaching: I [Allāh] do swear by the Self–reproaching Soul (that the Day of Judgement is coming)

Sound: the foulest of sounds is the braying of donkeys

Species: every living being is a species

Speech, prayer for delivering a speech

Spending (in the way of Allāh)

Spider

Spider’s house is flimsiest

Spirit (Rūḥ): see the footnotes to

Spring of Murky Water visited by Dhu’l–Qarnayn

Star of the Piercing Brightness

Statues

Stealing, punishment for

Steeds of war

Stories, Qur’ānic: Prophet Muḥammad did not witness earlier events but was informed about them by Allāh

Straight Path, The: leads to Allāh and there are paths which are crooked

Striker, The: one of the names of the Day of Resurrection

Strive=Jihād

Struggle=Jihād

Submission to Allāh is required of all Mankind

Submission to Allāh: Islām

Success is to be saved from one’s avarice

Success, Great: is to win a place in Paradise

Success, key to, in this life: Taqwā (fear of Allāh) and patience

Success, Manifest is to be admitted to Allāh’s Mercy on the Day of Resurrection

Success, Supreme is to be admitted to Paradise to dwell therein forever

Success: Those who are saved from the covetousness of their souls are the ones that achieve success

Sunset

Superstitions: pre–Islām Arabs’ practices about animals

Supporters of Allāh: Believers are asked to be supporters of Allāh like the Disciples of Prophet ‘Īsa were supporters of Allāh

Supreme Triumph

Sure Reality, The=Day of Resurrection.

Survival is for what benefits people

Suspicion, entertaining suspicions (without proof) about others is prohibited

Sustenance is in the hands of Allāh. He enlarges or restricts it for whoever He wishes. This is a Sign for the believers

Suwā‘ (an idol)

Swearing=Oath

Swine, flesh of

Synagogues

T

Tablet Secure: the Qur’ān is inscribed in a Tablet Secure – see the footnotes to

Tablets given to Prophet Mūsa

Tabūk Expedition: see the footnotes to

Tahajjud (late night supererogatory prayer): the Prophet was asked to offer this prayer

Tamarisk

Tanks

Taqīyyah: If in danger, a Muslim is allowed to dissimulate (but it is better if he does not)

Taqwā (fear of Allāh) and Patience ensure one’s success in this life

Tasnīm, a spring in Paradise

Tawakkul=Trust (in Allāh)

Tawbah (repentance)

Tayammum

Terah = Āzar.

Test: The purpose of the Creation of Death and Life is to test Man

Testimony: Believers do not give false witness

Thamūd and ‘Ād people disbelieved the Day of the Resurrection

Thaqalān, the (the two entities): humans and Jinns – Allāh will turn His attention to them

Thawāb=Recompense

Time is a testimony that Man is in a loss except those who have Faith, do righteous deeds and exhort each other to adhere to Truth and endure patiently

Time, “Six Days” of Allāh: Allāh’s Days are different from our days on earth

Toiling is part of the human fate on earth until one meets his Lord

Torah–the Book given to Prophet Mūsa

Town of Security=Makkah

Town, The (Makkah)

Towns Overturned, People of: committed sins, disobeyed their Messenger and therefore they were utterly punished

Trade, give just measure and weight, deal fairly

Tranquility (Sakīnah)

Transgressor are those do not observe limits set by Allāh

Travel through the land to see that there is no place of escape from Allāh

Traveller, rights of

Treaties: abrogate treaty if treachery is feared (no war while treaty stands between Muslims and another country or community)

Tree of Eternity: The Shayṭān’s lie to seduce Adam and his wife while in Paradise

Trench, Battle of=see Khandaq.

Trial=Fitnah

Tribes and nations: Allāh created people as nations and tribes so that they may recognise each other, not to despise each other

Tribes of Isrā’īl=Asbāṭ, al–

Tribes=Banū Isrā’īl

Trinity

Trumpet will be blown on the Day of Resurrection

Trust in Allāh: Believers must put their trust in Allāh alone

Trusts: Believers must honour their pledges

Trustworthiness

Truth: Allāh is the Lord of Truth

Tubba‘, People of

Tyranny, attributes of a tyrant ruler: the Pharaoh made fools of his people and they obeyed him

U

Uḥud, Battle of: see the footnote to

Ukhdūd=Ditch [of Fire] – People of the Ditch

Umm al–Qurā (Mother of the Towns/Makkah)

Ummīyyūn=Unlettered people (see the footnotes to

Universe is controlled by Allāh

Universe, creation of, in six days

Unlettered people: Allāh sent His Messenger to an unlettered people who had been earlier in manifest deviation

Unlettered Prophet – Muḥammad

Unlettered/Ummīyūn/Gentiles (people of Arabia): see the footnote to

Unseen: Allāh may test humanity to see who stands with Him unseen

Upbraiding each other is prohibited

Upright Faith

Usury= Ribā – see the footnote to

V

Vain talk: believers must avoid it

Valley of Ṭuwā: see the footnote to

Vanities=Bāṭil

Viceregency of God on earth: Man accepted the responsibility while others in the Universe rejected

Victory, Final, is for Allāh and His Messenger: “Allāh has decreed: ‘It is I and My Messengers who must prevail:’ For Allāh is Mighty, All–Powerful”

Victory, Manifest: The Treaty of Ḥudaybīyah

Vines

Violators are those do not observe limits set by Allāh

W

Wadd (an idol)

Walī (Guardian) (pl. Awliyā’): Guardians of the believers are Allāh, His Prophet and the believers

War, booty of

War, Law of: Muslims must not start a war but if war is imposed on them, they must not run away or stop it mid–way. This is Allāh’s way to test the believers (see the footnote to

War=Jihād

Warner: each Warner [Messenger] sent by Allāh was rejected by his people

Warning of Allāh: “Verily, We have warned you of a Punishment near, the Day when Man will see [the deeds] which his hands have sent forth, and the Rejecter [of Truth] will say, ‘Woe unto me! Would that I was [mere] dust!’”

Wastefulness=Extravagance

Water: Allāh created every living thing from water

Weak, The Considered (persecuted Muslims)

Wealth and children are a trial for the believers

Wealth, Love of: is ingrained in the human nature

Wealth, prohibition to acquire it illegally

Wealth: unspent wealth of kuffār will be a source of lamentation for them on the Day of Judgement

Wealthy, The: they usually rejected Allāh’s Message

Weaning of an infant: at the age of 30 months of a baby

Weight and measure should be just, full

Welfare State: Wealth must not remain circling in the hands of the wealthy alone; it must be distributed among the poor

Well, People of the

Whisperer of evil

Wife of Prophet Lūṭ

Wife: who apprehends cruelty from her husband

Wilāyah (help, support, friendship): Muslims living in non–Muslim states are not a responsibility of the Muslim state but support should be extended to such Muslims if no bilateral treaty between the two countries prohibits it

Wilāyah (protection): Allāh alone can protect

Wild animals

Winding Sand Tracts, The

Wisdom= Ḥikmah

Witchcraft

Witness: Believers do not give false witness

Witnesses on the Day of Judgement

Wolf

Women, Muslim – her attributes: Submit to Allāh, believe, are obedient to Him, turn to Him in repentance, worship Him in humility, and fast

Women, treatment of

Wood, People of the

Wood/Al–Aykah: see the footnote to

World is a place of trial

Worldly life=Duniyā

Worst of Creatures: People of the Book and mushrikūn who reject Allāh’s Message

Wrapped–up–in–a–blanket=Prophet Muḥammad

Writing

Wuḍū’

Y

Ya‘qūb (Jacob), Prophet

Ya‘ūq (an idol)

Yaghūth (an idol)

Yaḥyā (John), Prophet

Yājūj and Mājūj (Gog and Magog)

Yathrib=Madīnah

Yūnus (Jonah), Prophet

Z

Zabūr (Psalms)

Zakarīyā (Zechariah), Prophet

Zanjabīl

Zechariah=Zakarīyā, Prophet

Zinā: (adultery)

Zoroastrians=Majūs.

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First published in August 2023, this translation is available in two Hard bound editions. One comes with Parallel Arabic-English Texts and the other is the English only version. In December 2025 we had published the third edition of both versions, alhamdulillah.

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